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Shloka 17

अभ्यवर्तत वेगेन मर्तव्यमिति निश्चित: । महारथी द्रोणाचार्यने मरनेका निश्चय करके उन समस्त आक्रमणकारियोंका बड़े वेगसे सामना किया ।। प्रयाते सत्यसंधे तु समकम्पत मेदिनी

abhyávartata végena martavyam iti niścitaḥ | mahārathī droṇācāryaḥ maraṇe kaṃ niścayaṃ kṛtvā tān sarvān ākramaṇakārīn bṛhad-vegena samamukhat | prayāte satyasaṃdhe tu samakampata medinī ||

サञ्जयは語った。「死は避けがたいと定めた大車戦士ドローナーチャールヤは、死を前にしても決意を崩さず、烈しい速さで前進し、襲い来る者どもすべてに立ち向かった。そして真実の誓いに結ばれたその英雄が進むとき、大地さえ震えた—この戦の一瞬が負う道義と宇宙的重みを告げるかのように。」

अभ्यवर्ततhe confronted / turned towards (to meet)
अभ्यवर्तत:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-√वृत् (वर्तते)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
वेगेनwith speed / force
वेगेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवेग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
मर्तव्यम्to be died / death is to be met (must die)
मर्तव्यम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Root√मृ (मरणे) + तव्यत्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular, तव्यत् (gerundive)
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
निश्चितःdetermined / resolved
निश्चितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootनि-√चि (चिनोति) → निश्चित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
महारथीgreat chariot-warrior
महारथी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथिन्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
द्रोणाचार्यःDrona, the teacher
द्रोणाचार्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोणाचार्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मरणेin death / in dying
मरणे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमरण
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
निश्चयम्resolve / determination
निश्चयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिश्चय
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
कृत्वाhaving made / having resolved
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (करणे) → कृत्वा
Formक्त्वा (absolutive)
समस्तान्all (of them) / entire
समस्तान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसमस्त
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
आक्रमणकारिणःattackers / assailants
आक्रमणकारिणः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootआक्रमणकारिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
बृहद्वेगेनwith great speed
बृहद्वेगेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबृहद् + वेग
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
सामनाencounter / facing
सामना:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसामना
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अकरोत्did / made
अकरोत्:
TypeVerb
Root√कृ (करणे)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्रयातेwhen (he) had gone / as (he) advanced
प्रयाते:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्र-√या (गत्यर्थे) → प्रयात
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
सत्यसंधेin/when the truth-pledged one (Satyasandha) (advanced)
सत्यसंधे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसत्यसंध
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
तुbut / indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
समकम्पतshook / trembled
समकम्पत:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-√कम्प् (चलने)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3, Singular, Parasmaipada
मेदिनीthe earth
मेदिनी:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमेदिनी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Droṇācārya
M
Medinī (the Earth)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights steadfast resolve in the face of inevitable mortality: a warrior, accepting death as certain, still acts decisively according to his role and commitment. It also frames such resolve as ethically and cosmically significant, hinted by the trembling earth.

Sañjaya describes Droṇācārya, an elite chariot-warrior, charging at great speed to meet multiple attackers after deciding that death is unavoidable. As the truth-bound hero advances, the earth is said to tremble, marking the intensity and portent of the moment.