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Shloka 90

Adhyāya 141 — Night duels: Śaineya and Bhūriśravas; Droṇi and Ghaṭotkaca; Bhīma and Duryodhana

शक्तो5पि नावधीत्‌ कर्ण समर्थ: पाडुनन्दन: । रक्षमाण: प्रतिज्ञां तां या कृता सव्यसाचिना,अब भीमसेनने अपने अंगूठेको मुट्टीके भीतर करके वज्रतुल्य अत्यन्त भयंकर घूँसा तानकर सूतपुत्र कर्णको मार डालनेकी इच्छा की। तबतक क्षणभरमें उन्हें अर्जुनकी याद आ गयी। अतः सव्यसाची अर्जुनने पहले जो प्रतिज्ञा की थी, उसकी रक्षा करते हुए पाण्डुनन्दन भीमने समर्थ एवं शक्तिशाली होनेपर भी उस समय कर्णका वध नहीं किया

śakto 'pi nāvadhīt karṇaḥ samarthaḥ pāṇḍunandanaḥ | rakṣamāṇaḥ pratijñāṃ tāṃ yā kṛtā savyasācinā ||

サञ्जयは語った。討てる力がありながら、パーンドゥの血を引く英雄はカルナを殺さなかった。いかに強大であろうとも、彼はサヴィヤサーチン(アルジュナ)が先に立てた誓いを守るため、自らを抑えたのである。戦のただ中にあって、ビーーマの力は「誓いを守る」という法(ダルマ)の要請に譲歩した—とりわけそれが兄弟にして盟友の誓いである以上—勝利を、厳粛な約束を破る代価で買わぬために。

शक्तःable, powerful
शक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अपिeven, although
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अवधीत्killed / slew
अवधीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootवध्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
कर्णम्Karna
कर्णम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकर्ण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
समर्थःcapable
समर्थः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootसमर्थ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पाण्डुनन्दनःson of Pandu (Bhima)
पाण्डुनन्दनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डुनन्दन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रक्षमाणःprotecting, keeping
रक्षमाणः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootरक्ष्
FormPresent active participle (Śatṛ), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
प्रतिज्ञाम्vow, promise
प्रतिज्ञाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रतिज्ञा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
ताम्that
ताम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
याwhich
या:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
कृताmade, done
कृता:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
FormPast passive participle (Kta), Feminine, Nominative, Singular
सव्यसाचिनाby Arjuna (the ambidextrous archer)
सव्यसाचिना:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसव्यसाचिन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Karṇa
P
Pāṇḍunandana (Bhīma/Bhīmasena)
S
Savyasācin (Arjuna)
P
pratijñā (vow/pledge)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights dharma as fidelity to a pledged word: even in a life-and-death battle, one should not violate a solemn vow—especially a vow made by a rightful claimant (here Arjuna). Strength is shown not only in striking but also in restraining oneself for the sake of ethical order and trust.

Sañjaya reports that Bhīma, though strong enough to kill Karṇa at that moment, refrains from doing so. He holds back specifically to preserve Arjuna’s prior pledge regarding Karṇa, allowing the narrative to maintain the promised confrontation and its moral framing.