Shloka 30

Droṇa Encircled at Night: Coalition Advance and Battlefield Omens (द्रोणपर्यावरणं रात्रियुद्धवर्णनम्)

Devanagari script

तमूहुर्जवना दान्ता विरुवन्तो हयोत्तमा: | विशोकेनाभिसम्पन्ना मनोमारुतरंहस:,उस समय विशोक नामक सारथिके द्वारा संचालित होनेवाले, मन और वायुके समान वेगशाली तीव्रगामी और सुशिक्षित सुन्दर घोड़े हर्षसूचक शब्द करते हुए उनका भार वहन करते थे

Transliteration

tam ūhur javanā dāntā viruvanto hayottamāḥ | viśokenābhisampannā mano-māruta-raṁhasaḥ ||

Translation

サンジャヤは言った。そのとき、優れた駿馬たち――迅く、よく鍛えられ、よく従うもの――は勇ましく嘶きつつ戦車の重みを担った。御者ヴィショーカに駆られ、彼らは心と風のごとき速さで前へと突き進んだ。

Word by Word

तान्them

ऊहुःcarried/bore

जवनाःswift

दान्ताःtamed, well-trained

विरुवन्तःneighing/crying out

हय-उत्तमाःexcellent horses

विशोकेनby Viśoka

अभिसम्पन्नाःendowed with, possessed of

मनः-मारुत-रंहसःhaving the speed of mind and wind

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

Sañjaya

Viśoka (charioteer)

horses (hayāḥ)

chariot (implied)

Character Dynamics

Dharma Sankata (Moral Dilemma)

War Context

Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)

Philosophical Teaching

Political Layer

Geographic Context

Cross References

Meter (Chandas)

Sandhi Notes

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights disciplined power: speed becomes effective only when governed by training and proper guidance (the tamed horses under a capable charioteer). In the ethical pressure of war, controlled strength and faithful service shape outcomes more than raw force.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya describes a chariot being borne rapidly by superb, well-trained horses. They neigh with excitement as they move, and their motion—under the charioteer Viśoka—is compared to the swiftness of mind and wind.