Shloka 5

Devanagari script

क्षये तस्मिन्‌ महारौद्रे निर्विशेषमजायत । ततः शल्य: कृपश्चैव चित्रसेनश्व भारत

Transliteration

kṣaye tasmin mahāraudre nirviśeṣam ajāyata | tataḥ śalyaḥ kṛpaś caiva citrasenaś ca bhārata ||

Translation

サンジャヤは言った。「その最も凄惨な戦局では、あらゆる区別が失われ、優劣すら見分けがつかぬほど、滅びは等しく降りかかった。ついで、バーラタよ、シャリヤ、クリパ、チトラセーナが進み出て、戦いをさらに押し進めた。」

Word by Word

• क्षये: in the destruction/end
• क्षये: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षय
• Form: Masculine, Locative, Singular

• तस्मिन्: in that
• तस्मिन्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

• महारौद्रे: in the very terrible (battle)
• महारौद्रे: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: महारौद्र
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular

• निर्विशेषम्: without distinction; indistinguishably
• निर्विशेषम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: निर्विशेष
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• अजायत: arose; came to be
• अजायत: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: जन्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada

• ततः: then; thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ततः

• शल्यः: Shalya
• शल्यः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शल्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• कृपः: Kripa
• कृपः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: कृप
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• एव: indeed; just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

• चित्रसेनः: Chitrasena
• चित्रसेनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: चित्रसेन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• भारत: O Bharata (descendant of Bharata)
• Type: Noun
• Root: भारत
• Form: Masculine, Vocative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sanjaya
• Bharata (Dhritarashtra addressed as Bharata)
• Shalya
• Kripa (Kripacharya)
• Citrasena
• battlefield (implied)
• the great dreadful battle (Mahabharata war)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse underscores how, in extreme violence, ordinary markers of status and distinction collapse; the ethical weight lies in recognizing war’s indiscriminate devastation even while warriors continue to act under kṣatriya-duty.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sanjaya reports that the battle has become so fierce that no one stands out distinctly; immediately after, he names key Kaurava fighters—Śalya, Kṛpa, and Citrasena—moving forward to intensify the engagement.