Shloka 6

Devanagari script

दुःशासनो विकर्णश्व रथानास्थाय भास्वरान्‌ । पाण्डवानां रणे शूरा ध्वजिनीं समकम्पयन्‌

Transliteration

sañjaya uvāca | duḥśāsano vikarṇaś ca rathān āsthāya bhāsvarān | pāṇḍavānāṃ raṇe śūrā dhvajinīṃ samakampayan |

Translation

サンジャヤは言った。「ドゥフシャーサナとヴィカルナは、戦場の勇士として、輝く戦車に乗り、パーンダヴァらに突撃し、陣中を震え上がらせた。」

Word by Word

• दुःशासनः: Duhshasana
• दुःशासनः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: दुःशासन
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• विकर्णः: Vikarna
• विकर्णः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: विकर्ण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• रथान्: chariots
• रथान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• आस्थाय: having mounted/ascended
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-स्था (स्था)
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)

• भास्वरान्: shining, radiant
• Type: Adjective
• Root: भास्वर
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• पाण्डवानाम्: of the Pandavas
• Type: Noun
• Root: पाण्डव
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• रणे: in battle
• रणे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रण
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• शूराः: heroes, brave warriors
• शूराः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: शूर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Plural

• ध्वजिनीम्: army, host
• ध्वजिनीम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: ध्वजिनी
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• समकम्पयन्: shaking, causing to tremble
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-कम्प्
• Form: शतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Duḥśāsana
• Vikarṇa
• Pāṇḍavas
• ratha (chariot)
• dhvajinī (army)

Educational Q&A

What is the core teaching?

The verse highlights a recurring Mahābhārata ethic: in war, power is often expressed through intimidation and disruption, yet such momentum can eclipse discernment and restraint—raising the question of how dharma is preserved amid battlefield frenzy.

What is happening in the narrative?

Sañjaya reports that Duḥśāsana and Vikarṇa mount their shining chariots and surge forward against the Pāṇḍavas, causing the Pāṇḍava host (dhvajinī) to tremble—an image of a forceful Kaurava assault.