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Shloka 12

स्त्रीस्वभावप्रश्नः — Nārada and Pañcacūḍā on Strī-svabhāva

Anuśāsana-parva 38

(युष्मत्सम्माननात्‌ प्रीतिं पावना: क्षत्रिया: श्रियम्‌ । अमुत्रेह समायान्ति वैश्यशूद्रादिकास्तथा ।।

bhīṣma uvāca |

yuṣmat-sammānanāt prītiṁ pāvanāḥ kṣatriyāḥ śriyam |

amutreha samāyānti vaiśya-śūdrādikās tathā ||

arakṣitāś ca yuṣmābhir viruddhā yānti viplavam |

yuṣmat-tejodhṛtā lokās tad rakṣatha jagat-trayam ||

ity evaṁ brahma-gītās te samākhyātā mayānagha |

viprāṇām anukampārthaṁ tena prokte hi dhīmatā niṣpāpa yudhiṣṭhira ||

ビーシュマは言った。「汝らが敬われることにより、その敬意によって浄められたクシャトリヤは、愛情と繁栄を得る。ヴァイシャ、シュードラ、その他の者たちも同様に、この世においても来世においても、歓びと富を得る。汝らに敵対する者は、汝らの庇護を失って滅びに至る。諸世界は汝らの威光によって支えられている。ゆえに三界を守護せよ。」 「かくして、罪なき者よ、私は梵天(ブラフマー)が歌った偈を汝に語り伝えた。大いなる智慧をもつ創造主(ダーター)が、婆羅門たちへの憐れみからこれを説いたのである。汚れなきユディシュティラよ。」

युष्मत्of you (your)
युष्मत्:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Plural
सम्माननात्from honoring / due respect
सम्माननात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootसम्मानन
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
प्रीतिम्affection, favor
प्रीतिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रीति
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
पावनाःpurified / purifying
पावनाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootपावन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
क्षत्रियाःKshatriyas
क्षत्रियाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षत्रिय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
श्रियम्prosperity, fortune
श्रियम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootश्री
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
अमुत्रthere (in the other world)
अमुत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअमुत्र
इहhere (in this world)
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
समायान्तिattain / come to (obtain)
समायान्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-आ-या
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
वैश्यVaishyas
वैश्य:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootवैश्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शूद्रShudras
शूद्र:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशूद्र
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
आदिकाःand others, etc.
आदिकाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootआदि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तथाlikewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
अरक्षिताःunprotected
अरक्षिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअ-रक्षित
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
येwho
ये:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
युष्माभिःby you
युष्माभिः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Instrumental, Plural
विरुद्धाःopposed, hostile
विरुद्धाः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविरुद्ध
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यान्तिgo, come to
यान्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
विप्लवम्ruin, destruction
विप्लवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootविप्लव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
युष्मत्of you (your)
युष्मत्:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Plural
तेजःby (your) splendor/power
तेजः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootतेजस्
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
धृताःsupported, upheld
धृताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधृत
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
लोकाःworlds, realms
लोकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootलोक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
तत्therefore / that
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
रक्षथprotect (you all)!
रक्षथ:
TypeVerb
Rootरक्ष्
FormImperative, 2nd, Plural, Parasmaipada
जगत्the world
जगत्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजगत्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
त्रयम्threefold (three worlds)
त्रयम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootत्रय
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
Y
Yudhiṣṭhira
B
Brahmā (Dhātā)
K
Kṣatriyas
V
Vaiśyas
Ś
Śūdras
B
Brāhmaṇas
T
the three worlds (jagat-traya)

Educational Q&A

Bhīṣma teaches that rightful royal authority, sustained by tejas and expressed through protection, upholds both social and cosmic order. When rulers are honored and act as protectors, all classes flourish in this world and the next; hostility toward such protectors, or being outside their protection, leads to ruin. The passage frames this as a Brahmā-uttered maxim meant to safeguard dharma, especially with compassion toward Brāhmaṇas.

In Anuśāsana Parva, Bhīṣma continues instructing Yudhiṣṭhira on dharma. Here he quotes (and then identifies) a set of verses attributed to Brahmā, emphasizing the king’s role as protector of the three worlds and the consequences for those aligned with or opposed to that protective order.