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Shloka 54

देवानृषिगणांश्वैव नृपांश्व जगतीश्वरान्‌ । सांख्यं योगं च परमं हव्यं कव्यं तथैव च

bhīṣma uvāca | devān ṛṣigaṇāṁś caiva nṛpāṁś ca jagatīśvarān | sāṅkhyaṁ yogaṁ ca paramaṁ havyaṁ kavyaṁ tathaiva ca ||

ビーシュマは言った。「神々と、リシたちの群れと、地上を治める王たちとを唱え、心に念じるべきである。また、最高の意義におけるサーンキヤとヨーガ、さらに神々への供物(ハヴヤ)と祖霊への供物(カヴ்ய)をも唱えるべきである。このような想起と讃嘆は、あらゆる生きとし生けるものにとって最上の吉祥であり、最も清める力をもつ。繰り返し唱えることで病は鎮まり、行いのすべては最良の力づけを得る。ゆえに、バーラタよ、人は日々、朝夕に心を清め、主を讃えるキールタナを行い、併せてそれらの神々・聖仙・王たちの名を唱えるべきである。」

देवान्the gods
देवान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदेव
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
ऋषिगणान्the groups of sages
ऋषिगणान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootऋषिगण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एवindeed/also
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
नृपान्kings
नृपान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनृप
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
जगतीश्वरान्lords of the earth/world (sovereign rulers)
जगतीश्वरान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootजगतीश्वर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सांख्यम्Sāṅkhya (doctrine/path)
सांख्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसांख्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
योगम्Yoga (discipline/path)
योगम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootयोग
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
परमम्supreme
परमम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootपरम
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
हव्यम्havis; oblation to the gods
हव्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootहव्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
कव्यम्kavya; offering to the ancestors (pitṛs)
कव्यम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकव्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
तथाthus/likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed/also
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

भीष्म उवाच

B
Bhīṣma
D
devāḥ (gods)
ṛṣayaḥ (sages)
N
nṛpāḥ (kings)
S
Sāṅkhya
Y
Yoga
H
havya
K
kavya
B
Bharata (addressed)

Educational Q&A

Bhishma teaches that regular remembrance/recitation of revered beings and sacred principles—gods, sages, righteous rulers, and the highest Sāṅkhya and Yoga, along with havya and kavya—purifies the mind, brings auspiciousness, supports one’s actions, and helps remove afflictions when practiced consistently, especially at dawn and dusk.

In the Anuśāsana Parva’s instruction-setting, Bhishma continues advising Yudhiṣṭhira (addressed as ‘Bharata’) on dharmic conduct. Here he recommends a disciplined daily regimen of devotional recitation and remembrance, linking ethical-spiritual well-being with regular practice.