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Shloka 19

Gārhasthya-dharma: Vāsudeva–Pṛthivī-saṃvāda

Householder Duties and Daily Offerings

महाराज! इसके बाद विशेष अन्तके द्वारा अतिथियोंको भी सम्मानपूर्वक भोजन करावे। ऐसा करनेसे गृहस्थ पुरुष सम्पूर्ण मनुष्योंको संतुष्ट करता है ।।

mahārāja! tataḥ paraṁ viśeṣāntakena atithīn api satkṛtya bhojayet. evaṁ kṛte gṛhasthaḥ puruṣaḥ sarvān manuṣyān saṁtoṣayati. gṛhastha-dharma-sambandhe śrīkṛṣṇasya pṛthivyā saha saṁvādaḥ— anityaṁ hi sthito yasmāt tasmād atithir ucyate. ācāryasya pituś caiva sakhy-upāptasya cātitheḥ, sadā nivedayet— ‘amukaṁ vastu me gṛhe vidyate; tad bhavān gṛhṇātu.’ tataḥ yathā te ājñāpayeyuḥ tathāiva kuryāt. evaṁ kṛte dharmasya pālanaṁ bhavati.

大王よ、そののち格別の心配りをもって、客人にも敬意を尽くし、恭しく食を施すべきである。そうしてこそ家住の者はあらゆる人々を満足させる。家住の法について—聖なるクリシュナが大地と語り合った教えにおいて—「客(アティティ atithi)」とは、家に常住しない者ゆえにそう呼ばれる。ゆえに師(ācārya)、父、信頼すべき友の来訪者、そして客に対して、常に「これこれの品が我が家にございます。どうぞお受け取りください」と申し述べよ。さらに彼らの命ずるところに従ってそのまま行え。かくしてダルマは保たれる。

अनित्यम्not permanently
अनित्यम्:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootअनित्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
स्थितःstaying/remaining
स्थितः:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
Formkta (past passive participle used adjectivally), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
यस्मात्because of which/from whom
यस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
तस्मात्therefore/from that
तस्मात्:
Apadana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular
अतिथिःguest
अतिथिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअतिथि
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उच्यतेis called
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormLat, Atmanepada, Passive, Third, Singular

वायुदेव उवाच

वायुदेव (Vāyudeva)
महाराज (the King, addressee)
अतिथि (guest)
आचार्य (teacher)
पिता (father)
विश्वासपात्र मित्र (trusted friend)
श्रीकृष्ण (Śrī Kṛṣṇa)
पृथ्वी (Pṛthivī, the Earth)

Educational Q&A

A householder upholds dharma by honoring and feeding guests and respected persons (teacher, father, trusted friend) with sincere offerings, and by acting according to their wishes; hospitality is framed as a central social-ethical duty.

Vāyudeva instructs the king on householder conduct, citing a teaching presented as a dialogue of Śrī Kṛṣṇa with the Earth: a guest is defined as one who does not stay permanently, and the host should invite such persons to accept what is available and then comply with their directions.