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Shloka 39

आदि पर्व, अध्याय 67 — गान्धर्वविवाह-समयः

Duḥṣanta–Śakuntalā: Gandharva Marriage and Succession Condition

जानकिरननम विख्यात: सो5भवन्मनुजाधिप: । दीर्घजिद्वस्तु कौरव्य य उक्तो दानवर्षभ:

vaiśampāyana uvāca |

janakir ananam vikhyātaḥ so'bhavan manujādhipaḥ |

dīrghajid vastu kauravya ya ukto dānavarṣabhaḥ ||

ayaḥśirā aśvaśirā vīryavān ayaḥśaṅku gaganamūrdhā ca vegavān—rājan—ime pañca parākramī mahādaityāḥ kekayadeśasya pradhāna-pradhāna-mahātmā-rājā-rūpeṇa utpannāḥ |

... (śeṣaḥ: asura-dānava-nāmnāṃ manuṣya-rāja-rūpeṇa janma-vṛttāntaḥ)

ヴァイシャンパーヤナは語った。「ジャーナキーと名高い者は、人の世で王となった。さらに、カウラヴァよ、ディールガジフヴァと呼ばれた強大なダーナヴァは、人間の王となり、カーシー王として知られた。同様に、多くの強力なダーナヴァや阿修羅が地上に生まれ、名高い支配者の姿を取った——とりわけケカヤや他国において——それぞれ人の名を帯びながら、なお凶烈な気質と恐るべき威力を宿していた。物語はこれらの同定を一人ずつ列挙する。ウグラセーナ、アショーカ、ハールディキヤ、ディールガプラジュニャ、シャールヴァ、ローチャマーナ、ブリハドラタ、セーナービンドゥ、ナグナジト、プラティヴィンドゥヤ、チトラダルマー、スバーフ、バーフリカ、ムンジャケーシャ、デーヴァーディパ、パウラヴァ、スパールシュヴァ、パールヴァティーヤ、プラフマダ、チャンドラヴァルマー、リシカ等々である。この段の倫理的な力は、来たる争いが単なる政争ではないことを示す点にある。破壊的で不義なる傾向(阿修羅的性向)が王たちのうちに受生し、アダルマと戦乱の広がりを準備する。そして、権勢と王位は徳を保証しないという警めでもある。」

जानकिJanaki (name of a king)
जानकि:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजानकि (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
इरणनम्roaring/sounding (as a name/epithet)
इरणनम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootइरणन (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
विख्यातःwell-known, famed
विख्यातः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootविख्यात (कृदन्त; वि-√ख्या + क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभवत्became, was
अभवत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Root√भू (भवति)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular
मनुजाधिपःlord of men, king
मनुजाधिपः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमनुज + अधिप (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दीर्घजित्Dīrghajit (proper name)
दीर्घजित्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदीर्घजित् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वस्तुindeed, in fact (particle/indeclinable usage)
वस्तु:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवस्तु (प्रातिपदिक)
कौरव्यO Kauravya (descendant of Kuru)
कौरव्य:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकौरव्य (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यःwho
यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उक्तःsaid, called
उक्तः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootउक्त (कृदन्त; √वच् + क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
दानवर्षभःbull among Dānavas, best of demons
दानवर्षभः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootदानव + ऋषभ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
J
Janamejaya
K
Kuru (Kaurava lineage)
K
Kekaya-deśa
K
Kāśī (Kāśirāja)
D
Dīrghajihva (Dānava)
A
Ayaḥśirā
A
Aśvaśirā
A
Ayaḥśaṅku
G
Gaganamūrdhā
K
Ketumān
A
Amitaujas
S
Svarbhānu
U
Ugrasena
A
Aśva (Asura name)
A
Aśoka
A
Aśvapati (Daitya)
H
Hārdikya
V
Vṛṣaparvā
D
Dīrghaprajña
A
Ajaka
Ś
Śālva
A
Aśvagrīva
R
Rocamāna
S
Sūkṣma
B
Bṛhadratha
T
Tuhuṇḍa
S
Senābindu
I
Iṣupāda
N
Nagnajit
E
Ekacakra
P
Prativindhya
V
Virūpākṣa
C
Citradharmā
H
Hara
S
Subāhu
A
Ahara
B
Bāhlīka
N
Nicandra
M
Muñjakeśa
N
Nikumbha
D
Devādhipa
Ś
Śarabh(a)
P
Paurava
K
Kupaṭa
S
Supārśva
K
Kratha
P
Pārvatīya
M
Meru
Ś
Śalabha
P
Prahmada
C
Candra (Daitya)
C
Candravarmā
K
Kāmboja-deśa
A
Arka
Ṛṣika
M
Mṛtapa
A
Anūpa-deśa (western)
G
Gaviṣṭha
D
Drumasena
M
Mayūra
V
Viśva
S
Suparṇa
K
Kālakīrti
C
Candrahantā
Ś
Śunaka
C
Candravināśana
J
Jānaki (king-name here)
S
Siṃhikā
R
Rāhu
K
Krātha

Educational Q&A

The passage frames political history as morally charged: destructive ‘asuric’ tendencies can incarnate within powerful rulers. It cautions that royal power and fame are ethically neutral unless guided by dharma, and it foreshadows that adharma-driven leadership becomes a cause of large-scale suffering and war.

Vaiśampāyana continues a catalogue explaining how various Dānavas/Asuras took birth on earth as renowned human kings in different regions (Kekaya, Kāśī, Kāmboja, Anūpa, etc.). The list functions as a prelude to the epic’s conflicts by identifying formidable, often fearsome forces behind certain royal lineages.