Shloka 3

Āvāhāryaka-Śrāddha: Qualifications of Recipients, Paṅkti-Pāvana, and Exclusions

Devanagari script

ये सोमपा विरजसो धर्मज्ञाः शान्तचेतसः / व्रतिनो नियमस्थाश्च ऋतुकालाभिगामिनः

Transliteration

ye somapā virajaso dharmajñāḥ śāntacetasaḥ / vratino niyamasthāśca ṛtukālābhigāminaḥ

Translation

ソーマを受け、欲の塵を離れ、ダルマを知り心静かな者たち—誓戒を守り、規律に安住し、妻にも正しい季節にのみ近づく者—（これぞ真に自制ある人である）。

Word by Word

• ये: those who
• ये: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; relative pronoun nominative plural

• सोमपाः: Soma-drinkers
• सोमपाः: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: सोम-पा (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; nominative plural

• विरजसः: free from passion/impurity
• विरजसः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: वि-रजस् (प्रातिपदिक; समास/उपसर्गयुक्त)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; adjective to ये

• धर्मज्ञाः: knowers of dharma
• धर्मज्ञाः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: धर्म-ज्ञ (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; adjective

• शान्तचेतसः: calm-minded
• शान्तचेतसः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शान्त-चेतस् (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; adjective (calm-minded)

• व्रतिनः: vowed/observant
• व्रतिनः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: व्रतिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; adjective

• नियमस्थाः: steadfast in disciplines
• नियमस्थाः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: नियम-स्था (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; adjective

• च: and
• च: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/समुच्चय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च (अव्यय)
• Form: समुच्चयार्थक-निपात (conjunction)

• ऋतुकालाभिगामिनः: those who approach (their wives) in the proper season
• ऋतुकालाभिगामिनः: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: ऋतु-काल-अभि-गामिन् (प्रातिपदिक; समास)
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा-विभक्ति, बहुवचन; adjective (those who approach at the proper season)

Speaker

Lord Kurma (Vishnu) instructing on dharma and disciplined living

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: vira

Characters & Entities

• Soma
• Dharma
• Vrata
• Niyama
• Rajas

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

By praising freedom from rajas and a tranquil mind, the verse points to inner purification as the condition for recognizing the Self—clarity (śānti) and stainlessness (virajas) make the Atman’s presence evident beyond passion-driven identity.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

It emphasizes niyama (disciplined observances), vrata (vowed restraint), and sense-control—especially regulated sexuality (ṛtukāla). These are foundational yogic supports for steadiness of mind (śāntacetas) that later mature into deeper meditation.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

Though not naming Shiva directly, the ethic of virāga (freedom from rajas), niyama, and vrata aligns with Pāśupata-Śaiva discipline while being taught by Lord Kurma (Vishnu), reflecting the Purana’s synthetic, non-sectarian dharma-yoga framework.