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Shloka 22

Āvāhāryaka-Śrāddha: Qualifications of Recipients, Paṅkti-Pāvana, and Exclusions

Devanagari script

मातामहं मातुलं च स्वस्त्रीयं श्वशुरं गुरुम् / दौहित्रं विट्पतिं बन्धुमृत्विग्याज्यौ च भोजयेत्

Transliteration

mātāmahaṃ mātulaṃ ca svastrīyaṃ śvaśuraṃ gurum / dauhitraṃ viṭpatiṃ bandhumṛtvigyājyau ca bhojayet

Translation

シュラーダ（śrāddha）の供養においては、母方の祖父、母方の叔父、姉妹の子、岳父、師（グル）、娘の子、共同体の長、親族、さらに儀礼を執行する祭官（ṛtvij）と、この儀礼が捧げられる当人（yājya）にも食を施すべきである。

Word by Word
मातामहम्maternal grandfather
मातामहम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootमातामह (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
मातुलम्maternal uncle
मातुलम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootमातुल (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
चand
च:
Samucchaya (समुच्चय/Conjunction)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक निपात (conjunction)
स्वस्त्रीयम्sister’s son (kinsman)
स्वस्त्रीयम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootस्व + स्त्रीय (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (स्वस्य स्त्रीयः = sister’s son/kinsman)
श्वशुरम्father-in-law
श्वशुरम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootश्वशुर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
गुरुम्teacher
गुरुम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootगुरु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
दौहित्रम्daughter’s son
दौहित्रम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootदौहित्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
विट्पतिम्chief of the Viṭs (community leader)
विट्पतिम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootविट् + पति (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन; तत्पुरुष (विटां पति:)
बन्धुम्kinsman
बन्धुम्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootबन्धु (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; द्वितीया-विभक्ति, एकवचन
ऋत्विक्officiating priest
ऋत्विक्:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootऋत्विज् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, एकवचन (द्वन्द्व-समासे पूर्वपद); रूपम् ‘ऋत्विक्’ (प्रातिपदिक-प्रयोग)
याज्यौthe sacrificer (patron)
याज्यौ:
Karma (कर्म/Object)
TypeNoun
Rootयाज्य (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग; प्रथमा-विभक्ति, द्विवचन; ‘ऋत्विक्’ इत्यनेन सह द्वन्द्वार्थः (ऋत्विग्-याज्यौ = priest and the one for whom sacrifice is performed)
चand
च:
Samucchaya (समुच्चय)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
Formअव्यय; समुच्चयार्थक निपात
भोजयेत्should feed
भोजयेत्:
Kriya (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootभुज् (धातु) [णिच् causative: भोजय-]
Formविधिलिङ् (Optative), प्रथम-पुरुष, एकवचन; परस्मैपद; णिच्-प्रयोग
Speaker

Sūta (narrator) conveying dharma-instructions as taught in the Kurma Purana’s śrāddha context

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: shanta

Secondary Rasa: karuna

Characters & Entities
Ś
Śrāddha
P
Pitṛs (ancestors)
Ṛ
Ṛtvij (priest)
Y
Yajamāna (rite-performer)

FAQs

This verse does not directly teach ātma-tattva; it frames dharma through śrāddha—service, gratitude, and right conduct—which the Purana presents as supportive disciplines (anukūla-sādhana) for inner purification leading toward higher knowledge.

No explicit yogic technique is stated; the practice emphasized is karma-yoga in a dharmic form—performing śrāddha with proper recipients—cultivating śauca (purity), niyama (discipline), and reverence that the Kurma Purana treats as preparatory to deeper yoga and devotion.

It does not explicitly mention Śiva or Viṣṇu; it reflects the Kurma Purana’s broader synthesis where devotion and yoga are grounded in dharma—ritual duty and ethical order—rather than sectarian opposition.

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