Shloka 50

Īśvara-gītā (Adhyāya 2) — Ātma-svarūpa, Māyā, and the Unity of Sāṅkhya–Yoga

Devanagari script

यन्न देवा विजानन्ति मोहिता मम मायया / वक्ष्ये समाहिता यूयं शृणुध्वं ब्रह्मवादिनः

Transliteration

yanna devā vijānanti mohitā mama māyayā / vakṣye samāhitā yūyaṃ śṛṇudhvaṃ brahmavādinaḥ

Translation

わがマーヤーに惑わされ、神々すら悟り得ぬものを、いま我は説き明かそう。汝らは心を整え、専念して聴け。梵（ブラフマン）を語る者たちよ、聞け。

Word by Word

• yat: which (that)
• yat: Karma (कर्म)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, द्वितीया (2nd case), एकवचन; सम्बन्धसूचक (relative)

• na: not
• na: Pratiṣedha (प्रतिषेध)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: na (अव्यय)
• Form: निषेध (negation particle)

• devāḥ: gods
• devāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: deva (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन

• vijānanti: know/understand
• vijānanti: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vi-jñā (धातु)
• Form: लट् (Present), परस्मैपद, प्रथमपुरुष (3rd person), बहुवचन; धातु: ज्ञा with वि- (to discern/know)

• mohitāḥ: deluded
• mohitāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: muh (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त/PPP) 'mohita' from मुह्; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन; विशेषण (of devāḥ)

• mama: my
• mama: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: asmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; षष्ठी (6th case), एकवचन

• māyayā: by (my) māyā/illusion
• māyayā: Karaṇa (करण)
• Type: Noun
• Root: māyā (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया (3rd case), एकवचन; करण (instrumental)

• vakṣye: I shall tell
• vakṣye: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: vac (धातु)
• Form: लृट् (Simple Future), परस्मैपद, उत्तमपुरुष (1st person), एकवचन; धातु: वच् (to speak)

• samāhitāḥ: collected/attentive
• samāhitāḥ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: sam-ā-dhā (धातु)
• Form: कृदन्त (क्त/PPP) 'samāhita' from समा-धा; पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन; संबोधनार्थे (addressing audience)

• yūyam: you (all)
• yūyam: Sambodhana/Karta (सम्बोधन/कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: yuṣmad (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: सर्वनाम; प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन

• śṛṇudhvam: listen
• śṛṇudhvam: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: śru (धातु)
• Form: लोट् (Imperative), आत्मनेपद, मध्यमपुरुष (2nd person), बहुवचन; धातु: श्रु (to hear)

• brahma-vādinaḥ: speakers of Brahman
• brahma-vādinaḥ: Sambodhana (सम्बोधन)
• Type: Noun
• Root: brahman (प्रातिपदिक) + vādin (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: तत्पुरुष (determinative: 'brahmaṇaḥ vādin'); पुल्लिङ्ग, प्रथमा (1st case), बहुवचन; संबोधनार्थे

Speaker

Lord Kurma (Vishnu) instructing the sages (Brahmavadins)

Verse Rasa

Primary Rasa: adbhuta

Secondary Rasa: shanta

Characters & Entities

• Devas
• Maya
• Brahman
• Lord Kurma (implied speaker)

More Details (3 sections)

FAQs

How does this verse explain the nature of the Supreme Self (Atman)?

It implies that the highest truth (Brahman/Atman) transcends even divine intellect when veiled by māyā; realization requires direct teaching and inner composure rather than mere cosmic status.

What Yoga or Meditative practices are highlighted here?

The verse stresses samādhāna/samāhita-citta—mental collectedness and attentive listening (śravaṇa) as foundational disciplines leading toward higher Yoga and liberating knowledge in the Ishvara Gita framework.

How does this verse depict the relationship between Shiva and Vishnu?

By presenting the Supreme as the one Lord who wields māyā and reveals Brahman-knowledge, it aligns with the Kurma Purana’s non-sectarian synthesis: the highest Ishvara taught here is compatible with both Shaiva (Pashupata) and Vaishnava theological language.