Shloka 42

हिरण्यकशिपुजन्म-तपः-वरप्रभावः

Birth, Austerity, and Boon-Power of Hiraṇyakaśipu

Devanagari script

तेषां प्रधानाश्चत्वारो विक्रान्ताः सुमहाबलाः / सहस्रबाहुः श्रेष्ठो ऽभूद्बाणो राजा प्रतापवान्

Transliteration

teṣāṃ pradhānāścatvāro vikrāntāḥ sumahābalāḥ / sahasrabāhuḥ śreṣṭho 'bhūdbāṇo rājā pratāpavān

Translation

その中でも四人が筆頭で、勇猛にして大いなる力を備えていた。千臂のサハスラバーフが最も優れ、威光ある王バーナもまた名高かった。

Word by Word

• teṣām: of them
• teṣām: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
• Type: Noun
• Root: tad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine/Neuter (पुं/नपुंसक), Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural (बहुवचन); pronoun

• pradhānāḥ: chiefs/leaders
• pradhānāḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: pradhāna (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन)

• ca: and
• ca: Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/अव्यय)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: ca (अव्यय)
• Form: Avyaya; conjunction (समुच्चयबोधक)

• catvāraḥ: four
• catvāraḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: catvāri (संख्याशब्द-प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); numeral adjective

• vikrāntāḥ: valiant
• vikrāntāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: vi + kram (क्रम् धातु)
• Form: Kṛdanta: past active participle (क्त/PPP used adjectivally), Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); from √kram with prefix vi-; sense: valiant

• sumahābalāḥ: of very great strength
• sumahābalāḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: su + mahā + bala (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Plural (बहुवचन); समासः—कर्मधारय (su-mahā-bala: very great strength)

• sahasrabāhuḥ: Sahasrabāhu (thousand-armed one)
• sahasrabāhuḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: sahasra + bāhu (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); बहुव्रीहि—'one who has a thousand arms'

• śreṣṭhaḥ: best
• śreṣṭhaḥ: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: śreṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• abhūt: was/became
• abhūt: Kriyā (क्रिया)
• Type: Verb
• Root: bhū (भू धातु)
• Form: Laṅ-lakāra (लङ्/imperfect past), Prathama-puruṣa (3rd person/प्रथम), Singular (एकवचन); parasmaipada

• bāṇaḥ: Bāṇa
• bāṇaḥ: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: bāṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• rājā: king
• rājā: Karta (कर्ता)
• Type: Noun
• Root: rājan (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन)

• pratāpavān: mighty
• pratāpavān: Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: pratāpa-vat (प्रातिपदिक)
• Form: Masculine (पुंलिङ्ग), Nominative (1st/प्रथमा), Singular (एकवचन); possessive suffix -वत्