Shloka 29
Vasiṣṭha-gamana
Vasiṣṭha’s Departure / The Episode of Sagara
Devanagari script
तं दृष्ट्वा राजवर्यं सकलरिपुकुलप्रक्षयोपात्तदीक्षं भीताः स्त्रीबालपूर्वं शरणमभिययुः स्वासुसरक्षणाय / इक्ष्वाकूणां वसिष्ठं कुलगुरुमभितः सप्त राज्ञां कलेषु प्रख्याताः संप्रसूता नृपवररिपवः पारदाः पल्हवाद्याः
Transliteration
taṃ dṛṣṭvā rājavaryaṃ sakalaripukulaprakṣayopāttadīkṣaṃ bhītāḥ strībālapūrvaṃ śaraṇamabhiyayuḥ svāsusarakṣaṇāya / ikṣvākūṇāṃ vasiṣṭhaṃ kulagurumabhitaḥ sapta rājñāṃ kaleṣu prakhyātāḥ saṃprasūtā nṛpavararipavaḥ pāradāḥ palhavādyāḥ
Translation
敵の一族を根絶やしにすると誓ったその優れた王を見て、恐怖に駆られたパラダ族やパフラヴァ族は、命を守るために女子供を前面に立てて、ヴァシシュタに助けを求めた。
Word by Word
tamhim
tam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Roottad (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative (2nd/द्वितीया), Singular
dṛṣṭvāhaving seen
dṛṣṭvā:
Pūrvakāla-kriyā (पूर्वकालक्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootdṛś (धातु)
FormAbsolutive/Gerund (क्त्वा), ‘having seen’
rāja-varyamthe best of kings
rāja-varyam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक) + varya (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular; कर्मधारय: ‘excellent king’
sakala-ripu-kula-prakṣaya-upātta-dīkṣamwho had taken a vow to destroy all enemy clans
sakala-ripu-kula-prakṣaya-upātta-dīkṣam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeAdjective
Rootsakala + ripu + kula + prakṣaya + upātta (√dā-धातु क्त) + dīkṣā (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular; multi-member तत्पुरुष: ‘one who has undertaken (upātta) the vow (dīkṣā) for the destruction (prakṣaya) of all (sakala) enemy clans (ripu-kula)’
bhītāḥafraid
bhītāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootbhīta (भि-धातु क्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
strī-bāla-pūrvamwith women and children foremost
strī-bāla-pūrvam:
Prakāra (प्रकार)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootstrī (प्रातिपदिक) + bāla (प्रातिपदिक) + pūrva (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyayībhāva used adverbially: ‘with women and children in front/first’
śaraṇamrefuge
śaraṇam:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootśaraṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular; goal of motion
abhiyayuḥthey went/approached
abhiyayuḥ:
Kriyā (क्रिया)
TypeVerb
Rootabhi-√yā (धातु)
FormLuṅ (लुङ्, Aorist), Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Plural
svāsu-sarakṣaṇāyafor their own protection
svāsu-sarakṣaṇāya:
Prayojana (प्रयोजन/सम्प्रदान)
TypeNoun
Rootsvāsu (sva + asu? intended svāsu = svāsu ‘their own’) + sa-rakṣaṇa (प्रातिपदिक)
FormDative (4th/चतुर्थी), Singular; purpose: ‘for protection (rakṣaṇa) of their own (svāsu)’; text form suggests svāsu-sarakṣaṇāya = svāsu + sa-rakṣaṇāya
ikṣvākūṇāmof the Ikṣvākus
ikṣvākūṇām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootikṣvāku (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural
vasiṣṭhamVasiṣṭha
vasiṣṭham:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootvasiṣṭha (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
kula-gurumthe family priest/preceptor
kula-gurum:
Karma (कर्म)
TypeNoun
Rootkula (प्रातिपदिक) + guru (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular; षष्ठी-तत्पुरुष: ‘family preceptor’
abhitaḥaround, near
abhitaḥ:
Deśa (देश)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootabhitas (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya, adverb/preposition meaning ‘around/near’
saptaseven
sapta:
Viśeṣaṇa (विशेषण)
TypeAdjective
Rootsapta (संख्या-प्रातिपदिक)
FormNumeral adjective; indeclinable-like; qualifies rājñām
rājñāmof kings
rājñām:
Sambandha (सम्बन्ध/षष्ठी)
TypeNoun
Rootrājan (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Genitive (6th/षष्ठी), Plural
kaleṣuin times/occasions
kaleṣu:
Adhikaraṇa (अधिकरण)
TypeNoun
Rootkala (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Locative (7th/सप्तमी), Plural; context: ‘in times/occasions’
prakhyātāḥwell-known
prakhyātāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootpra-√khyā (धातु) + kta (कृदन्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
saṃprasūtāḥarisen, produced
saṃprasūtāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeAdjective
Rootsam-pra-√sū (धातु) + kta (कृदन्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural; ‘born/produced, arisen’
nṛpa-vara-ripavaḥenemies of the excellent king
nṛpa-vara-ripavaḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootnṛpa (प्रातिपदिक) + vara (प्रातिपदिक) + ripu (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural; तत्पुरुष: ‘enemies (ripu) of the best king (nṛpa-vara)’
pāradāḥthe Pāradas
pāradāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpārada (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
palhava-ādyāḥthe Pahlavas and others
palhava-ādyāḥ:
Karta (कर्ता)
TypeNoun
Rootpalhava (प्रातिपदिक) + ādi (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural; ādi-tatpurusha: ‘Pahlavas and others’