Atharva Veda 18.2.33: Kanda 18, Anuvaka 1, Sukta 2, Mantra 33

Sukta 2

Sanskrit (Devanagari)

अपा॑गूहन्न॒मृतां॒ मर्त्ये॑भ्यः कृ॒त्वा सव॑र्णामदधु॒र्विव॑स्वते । उ॒ताश्विना॑वभर॒द् यत् तदासी॒दज॑हादु॒ द्वा मि॑थु॒ना स॑र॒ण्यूः

IAST Transliteration

ápa agūhann amṛtā́ṃ mártyebhyaḥ kṛtvā́ savárṇām adadhur vívasvate | utā́śvināv abharad yát tád āsīd ájahād u dvā́ mithunā́ saraṇyū́ḥ ||

English Translation (Griffith/Whitney)

They hid away the Immortal from mortal men; having made a like-formed one they set her for Vivasvant. And what she was, that the Aśvins brought again; Saraṇyū in sooth forsook the twain, the paired.

Translation

彼らは不死なるもの（amṛta）を死すべき人々から隠した。姿かたちの等しいものを作り、ヴィヴァスヴァント（Vivasvant）のために据えた。そして彼女が本来であったものを、アシュヴィン双神（Aśvins）が再び運び来た。サラニュ―（Saraṇyū）はまことに、その二つ、対なるものを捨て去った。

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Word by Word

• अप: away, off
• अप: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अप (उपसर्ग) / अप (अव्यय)

• अगूहन्: they hid/concealed
• अगूहन्: Kartā (क्रियापद)
• Type: Verb
• Root: गुह् (गूह्) ‘to hide, conceal’

• अमृताम्: the immortal (woman), Amṛtā
• अमृताम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: अमृत (प्रातिपदिक)

• मर्त्येभ्यः: from mortals
• मर्त्येभ्यः: Apādāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: मर्त्य (प्रातिपदिक)

• कृत्वा: having made
• कृत्वा: —
• Type: Verb
• Root: कृ ‘to do, make’

• सवर्णाम्: of the same appearance/colour
• सवर्णाम्: Karma (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सवर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)

• अदधुः: they placed/assigned
• अदधुः: Kartā (क्रियापद)
• Type: Verb
• Root: धा ‘to put, place’

• विवस्वते: to Vivasvat (the Sun)
• विवस्वते: Sampradāna
• Type: Noun
• Root: विवस्वत् (प्रातिपदिक)

• उत: and also
• उत: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उत (निपात)

• अश्विनौ: the Aśvins (two divine horsemen)
• अश्विनौ: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: अश्विन् (प्रातिपदिक)

• अभरत्: he brought
• अभरत्: Kartā (क्रियापद)
• Type: Verb
• Root: भृ ‘to bear, bring’

• यत्: what/that which
• यत्: Karma/— (सापेक्ष-सम्बन्धे)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद् (सर्वनाम)

• तत्: that
• तत्: Karma/—
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद् (सर्वनाम)

• आसीत्: was
• आसीत्: Kartā (क्रियापद)
• Type: Verb
• Root: अस् ‘to be’

• अजहात्: he left/abandoned
• अजहात्: Kartā (क्रियापद)
• Type: Verb
• Root: हा ‘to leave, abandon’ (अ-उपसर्गसहित)

• उ: indeed
• उ: —
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: उ (निपात)

• द्वा: two
• द्वा: Karma (विशेषणरूपेण)
• Type: Numeral
• Root: द्वि (संख्या)

• मिथुनौ: the pair/couple
• मिथुनौ: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: मिथुन (प्रातिपदिक)

• सरण्यूः: Saraṇyū (a goddess/woman)
• सरण्यूः: Kartā
• Type: Noun
• Root: सरण्यू (प्रातिपदिक)

Attribution

Rishi: AV 18.2 Pitṛ-cycle tradition (variable).

Devata: Aśvinau; Vivasvant; Saraṇyū (mythic agents)

Chandas: Triṣṭubh

Mantra Rasa

Primary: adbhuta

Secondary: shanta