Sutra 11

Devanagari script

विपर्यये यथायतिव्ययश्च न भक्षयति इत्याचार्याः ॥ कZ_०२.९.११ ॥

Transliteration

viparyaye yathāyati-vyayaś ca na bhakṣayati ity ācāryāḥ

Translation

逆の場合—収入と支出が適正な比例にあるとき—（ある）師たちは、彼は横領していないと言う。

Word by Word

• विपर्यये: in the contrary case / in reversal (of the situation)
• Type: Noun
• Root: विपर्यय
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग/नपुंसकलिङ्ग (प्रयोगे भेदः), सप्तमी एकवचनम्; अधिकरणे (locative of circumstance)

• यथा: as / according to
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: यथा
• Form: अव्ययम्; उपमान/प्रकारार्थे

• आयति: future gain / expected revenue
• Type: Noun
• Root: आयति
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचनम्; ‘आयतिः/आयति’ = भविष्यत्कालः/आगामि-लाभः

• व्ययः: expenditure / outlay
• Type: Noun
• Root: व्यय
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा एकवचनम्; कर्तृ/विषय-निर्देशे

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च
• Form: अव्ययम्; समुच्चयार्थकः

• न: not
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: न
• Form: निषेधार्थक-अव्ययम्

• भक्षयति: he does not consume / does not appropriate
• Type: Verb
• Root: भक्ष्
• Form: लट्-लकारः, परस्मैपदम्, प्रथमपुरुषः, एकवचनम्; धातुः ‘भक्ष्’ (भक्षणे)

• इति: thus / ‘so’ (quotative)
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इति
• Form: अव्ययम्; वाक्य-समाप्ति/उद्धरण-चिह्नम्

• आचार्याः: the teachers / the authorities
• Type: Noun
• Root: आचार्य
• Form: पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचनम्; वक्तृ-निर्देशः (authorities)

Entities Mentioned

• ācāryāḥ (earlier authorities/teachers)

More Details

FAQs

What is the limitation in the teachers’ inference?

Normal-looking accounts can still conceal fraud; proportionality alone is not proof of integrity.