Sutra 20
Devanagari script
बहिः परिखाया धनुःशतापकृष्टाश्चैत्यपुण्यस्थानवनसेतुबन्धाः कार्याः यथादिशं च दिग्देवताः ॥ कZ_०२.४.२० ॥
Transliteration
bahiḥ parikhāyā dhanuḥśatāpakṛṣṭāś caityapuṇyasthānavanasetubandhāḥ kāryāḥ yathādiśaṃ ca digdevatāḥ
Translation
堀の外側、弓の長さ百の距離に、聖所および功徳の地、保護された林、ならびに堤防／土手道（治水と通行のため）を造るべきであり、また方位神はそれぞれの方角に従って安置すべきである。
Word by Word
बहिःoutside; externally
बहिः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबहिस्
Formअव्यय (स्थान/दिशा-वाचक)
परिखायाःof the moat
परिखायाः:
TypeNoun
Rootपरिखा
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, षष्ठी एकवचन (परिखा-सम्बन्धः)
धनुःशतa hundred bows (a distance-measure)
धनुःशत:
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस् + शत
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन (मात्रा/परिमाण-वाचक)
अपकृष्टाःplaced at a distance; kept away
अपकृष्टाः:
TypeParticiple (Verbal adjective)
Rootअप + कृश् (कर्षणे) / अपकृष्
Formभूतकृदन्त/कर्मणि क्त (PPP), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन; ‘(स्थाना:) अपकृष्टाः’ = दूरस्थाः
चैत्यshrines; sacred monuments
चैत्य:
TypeNoun
Rootचैत्य
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन (समाहार/सूची-रूपेण)
पुण्यस्थानholy places; meritorious sites
पुण्यस्थान:
TypeNoun
Rootपुण्य + स्थान
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन
वनwoods; forests
वन:
TypeNoun
Rootवन
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन
सेतुबन्धाःbridges and embankments (causeways/dams)
सेतुबन्धाः:
TypeNoun
Rootसेतु + बन्ध
Formपुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन
कार्याःshould be made; are to be constructed/established
कार्याः:
TypeParticiple (Verbal adjective)
Rootकृ (करणे)
Formविध्यर्थे ‘कार्य’ (gerundive), पुंलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन; कर्तव्याः/निर्मेयाः
यथाas; according to
यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयथा
Formअव्यय (प्रकार/अनुरूपता-वाचक)
आदिशम्according to instruction/direction
आदिशम्:
TypeIndeclinable (adverbial accusative)
Rootआदिश् (आदेशे)
Formअव्ययीभाव-प्रयोगवत् नपुंसक द्वितीया एकवचन; ‘यथादिशम्’ = यथाऽऽदेशम्
चand
च:
TypeParticle
Rootच
Formसमुच्चयार्थक अव्यय
दिक्the directions (quarters)
दिक्:
TypeNoun
Rootदिश्
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन (दिशः) — पदच्छेदे ‘दिक्’ (प्रातिपदिक)
देवताःdeities (of the directions)
देवताः:
TypeNoun
Rootदेवता
Formस्त्रीलिङ्ग, प्रथमा बहुवचन
Entities Mentioned
M
moat (parikhā)S
shrines (caitya)S
sacred sites (puṇyasthāna)G
groves (vana)E
embankments/causeways (setubandha)D
directional deities (digdevatāḥ)FAQs
It creates a controlled peri-urban belt: a safety buffer for defense, designated zones for public works and sacred/civic functions, and regulated land use that reduces encroachment near fortifications.
It standardizes spatial order and civic ritual mapping, reinforcing a shared urban layout and legitimizing planned zoning through widely accepted religious conventions.