Sutra 25

Devanagari script

पश्चाद्बन्धने आचितकपत्त्रपरीक्षायां वा रूप्यरूपेण परिवर्तनं विस्रावणम् पिण्डवालुकानां लोहपिण्डवालुकाभिर्वा ॥ कZ_०२.१४.२५ ॥

Transliteration

paścād bandhane ācitakapattraparīkṣāyāṃ vā rūpyarūpeṇa parivartanaṃ visrāvaṇam piṇḍavālukānāṃ lohapiṇḍavālukābhir vā

Translation

その後—封緘・結束の段階、または層状に重ねた金属箔の検査の際—銀のように見せかけてすり替えが行われる。さらに、砂粒を鉄の粒（または鉄分を含む砂塊）に替えることで、流出・漏出が生じる。

Word by Word

• पश्चात्: afterwards; thereafter
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पश्चात्
• Form: अव्यय (काल/क्रमवाचक)

• बन्धने: in confinement; in custody
• Type: Noun
• Root: बन्धन
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, सप्तमी एकवचन (अधिकरण)

• आचितकपत्त्रपरीक्षायाम्: in the examination using coated leaves (a particular assay/test)
• Type: Noun
• Root: परीक्षा
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, सप्तमी एकवचन (अधिकरण); समासः = आचितकपत्त्र + परीक्षा

• वा: or
• Type: Particle
• Root: वा
• Form: अव्यय (विकल्पार्थक)

• रूप्य: with silver; by means of silver
• Type: Noun/Adjective
• Root: रूप्य
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग (द्रव्यवाचक), तृतीया एकवचन (करण) — ‘रूप्येण’ (छान्दस/पाठभेदेन रूप)

• अरूपेण: with non-silver; with an inferior/other metal
• Type: Adjective (used substantively)
• Root: अरूप
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया एकवचन (करण)

• परिवर्तनम्: exchange; substitution
• Type: Verbal noun (action noun)
• Root: परि√वृत् (परिवर्त)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; भाववाचक संज्ञा

• विस्रावणम्: draining; causing to flow out
• Type: Verbal noun (action noun)
• Root: वि√स्रु (विस्राव)
• Form: नपुंसकलिङ्ग, प्रथमा/द्वितीया एकवचन; भाववाचक

• पिण्डवालुकानाम्: of lumps and sand (granules)
• Type: Noun
• Root: पिण्डवालुका
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग (समाहार/जातिवाचक), षष्ठी बहुवचन; समासः = पिण्ड + वालुका

• लोहपिण्डवालुकाभिः: by/with iron lumps and sand (granules)
• Type: Noun
• Root: लोहपिण्डवालुका
• Form: स्त्रीलिङ्ग, तृतीया बहुवचन (करण); समासः = लोह + पिण्डवालुका

• वा: or
• Type: Particle
• Root: वा
• Form: अव्यय (विकल्पार्थक)

Entities Mentioned

• silver appearance
• metal leaf stacks
• sand pellets
• iron pellets

More Details

FAQs

What is the governance risk highlighted here?

Fraud can occur not only in melting but also during sealing and even during ‘inspection’ itself—i.e., at handoff points and audit rituals.

What control principle does Kautilya anticipate?

Segregation of duties and secure sealing protocols, because fraud clusters at transitions (binding, verification, packaging).