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Agni Purana — Dharma-shastra, Shloka 30

Śrāddha-kalpa-kathana

Exposition of the Śrāddha Procedure

हविष्यान्नेन वै मासं पायसेन तु वत्सरं मात्स्यहारिणकौरभ्रशाकुनच्छागपार्षतैः

haviṣyānnena vai māsaṃ pāyasena tu vatsaraṃ mātsyahāriṇakaurabhraśākunacchāgapārṣataiḥ

haviṣyānna(供物食)によっては一か月この規定を守り、pāyasa(乳粥)によっては一年守る。また定められた規則に従い、魚・鹿・猪・牡羊・鳥・山羊・兎を許される食として用いてもよい。

हविष्य-अन्नेनwith haviṣya-food (ritual food)
हविष्य-अन्नेन:
करण (Karaṇa/Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootहविष्य (प्रातिपदिक) + अन्न (प्रातिपदिक)
Formतत्पुरुष-समासः; नपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति (Instrumental/तृतीया), एकवचन
वैindeed
वै:
सम्बन्ध (Emphasis)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै (अव्यय)
Formनिश्चयार्थक-अव्यय (emphasis)
मासम्for a month
मासम्:
कालाधिकरण (Time-extent)
TypeNoun
Rootमास (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; काल-परिमाण
पायसेनwith rice-milk pudding (pāyasa)
पायसेन:
करण (Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootपायस (प्रातिपदिक)
Formनपुंसकलिङ्ग, तृतीया, एकवचन
तुand/then
तु:
सम्बन्ध (Discourse particle)
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु (अव्यय)
Formविरोध/विशेषण-अव्यय (particle)
वत्सरम्for a year
वत्सरम्:
कालाधिकरण (Time-extent)
TypeNoun
Rootवत्सर (प्रातिपदिक)
Formपुंलिङ्ग, द्वितीया, एकवचन; काल-परिमाण
मात्स्य-हारिण-कौरभ्र-शाकुन-च्छाग-पार्षतैःwith (meat of) fish, deer, hare, boar, bird, goat, and ram
मात्स्य-हारिण-कौरभ्र-शाकुन-च्छाग-पार्षतैः:
करण (Instrument)
TypeNoun
Rootमात्स्य (प्रातिपदिक) + हारिण (प्रातिपदिक) + कौरभ्र (प्रातिपदिक) + शाकुन (प्रातिपदिक) + छाग (प्रातिपदिक) + पार्षत (प्रातिपदिक)
Formसमाहार-द्वन्द्व/इतरेतर-द्वन्द्व (list of meats/animals); पुंलिङ्ग, तृतीया-विभक्ति, बहुवचन

Lord Agni (instructional narration to Vasiṣṭha)

Vidya Category: {"primary_vidya":"Dharmashastra","secondary_vidya":"Vrata","practical_application":"Guiding dietary observances used in vow/expiation contexts: specifying durations (month/year) and permitted foods (haviṣyānna, pāyasa, and certain meats) according to rule.","sutra_style":true}

Encyclopedic Reference: {"reference_type":"List","entry_title":"Vrata-āhāra: haviṣyānna, pāyasa, and permitted meats (matsya–śaśa)","lookup_keywords":["haviṣyānna vrata","pāyasa niyama","matsya āhāra","mṛga-varāha meat rule","prāyaścitta diet"],"quick_summary":"For regulated observances, one may subsist on haviṣyānna for a month or pāyasa for a year; alternatively, specific meats are permitted as per the stated regimen."}

Dosha: Tridosha

Concept: Niyama (regulated intake) supports vrata/prāyaścitta by aligning bodily conduct with dharmic intention.

Application: Choose a single approved dietary mode for the vowed period; maintain consistency and avoid indulgent variety that breaks the spirit of restraint.

Khanda Section: Dharma-shastra / Vrata-dana (Dietary observances and expiatory regimens)

Primary Rasa: shanta

Visual Art Cues: {"scene_description":"A vow-observer follows prescribed foods: a simple haviṣyānna plate, a bowl of pāyasa, and a separate panel listing permitted meats (fish, deer, boar, ram, bird, goat, hare) as symbolic icons.","kerala_mural_prompt":"Kerala mural, stylized kitchen-ritual setting, devotee seated on mat with banana-leaf haviṣyānna, separate golden bowl of pāyasa, surrounding animal/fish motifs as emblematic permitted foods, calm ascetic mood","tanjore_prompt":"Tanjore painting, ornate vessels with gold work, pāyasa in a jeweled bowl, devotee with prayer beads, small medallions depicting fish, deer, boar, ram, bird, goat, hare around the border","mysore_prompt":"Mysore style instructional plate: labeled drawings of haviṣyānna and pāyasa, plus a neat grid of permitted meats, emphasis on clarity and line precision","mughal_miniature_prompt":"Mughal miniature, refined dining scene with minimal portions, scribe-like annotations naming foods, naturalistic rendering of fish and game animals in margins"}

Audio Atmosphere: {"recitation_mood":"instructional","suggested_raga":"Shuddha Saveri","pace":"medium","voice_tone":"instructional"}

Sandhi Resolution Notes: हविष्य + अन्नेन → हविष्यान्नेन; शाकुन + छाग → शाकुनच्छाग (cch).

Related Themes: Agni Purana 163 (dietary rules adjacent to śrāddha/prāyaścitta sections)

A
Agni
H
haviṣyānna
P
pāyasa

FAQs

It specifies time-frames for expiatory/vrata-style dietary regimens: haviṣyānna is prescribed for a month, pāyasa for a year, and it lists additional allowable food-bases (fish and certain meats) within the same rule-framework.

Beyond mythology, the Agni Purana catalogs practical dharma procedures—here, precise durations and permitted foods for prāyaścitta and vrata discipline—showing it functions as a compact manual of ritual law and conduct.

Regulated eating over fixed periods is treated as a purificatory discipline: restraint and rule-bound consumption operate as prāyaścitta, mitigating impurity and supporting moral and ritual restoration.