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Shloka 69

Ajñātavāsa-saṅkalpaḥ — Yudhiṣṭhira’s Resolve and Dhaumya’s Exempla on Concealment

फलाहारो<स्मि निष्क्रान्तस्त्वया सह सुमध्यमे । ततः पाटयत: काष्ठं शिरसो मे रुजाभवत्‌,मार्कण्डेयजी कहते हैं--युधिष्ठिर! तब होशमें आकर सत्यवान्‌ सुखपूर्वक सोये हुए पुरुषकी भाँति उठकर सम्पूर्ण दिशाओं तथा वनप्रान्‍्तकी ओर दृष्टि डालकर बोले --'सुमध्यमे! मैं फल लानेके लिये तुम्हारे साथ घरसे निकला था, फिर लकड़ी चीरते समय मेरे सिरमें जोर-जोरसे दर्द होने लगा था

phalāhāro ’smi niṣkrāntas tvayā saha sumadhyame | tataḥ pāṭayataḥ kāṣṭhaṁ śiraso me rujābhavat |

Yama said: “O slender-waisted one, I had set out from home with you to gather fruits. Then, while splitting wood, a severe pain arose in my head.” In the narrative frame, this recalls the sudden bodily affliction that precipitates the crisis, testing steadfastness, truthfulness, and the power of dharma in the face of death’s approach.

फलाहारःone who lives on fruits (fruit-eater)
फलाहारः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootफलाहार
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अस्मिI am
अस्मि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस् (to be)
FormPresent, 1st, Singular
निष्क्रान्तःgone out, having set out
निष्क्रान्तः:
TypeAdjective
Rootनिष्क्रान्त (नि√क्रम्)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
त्वयाwith you / by you
त्वया:
Saha (Instrumental of accompaniment)
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Form—, Instrumental, Singular
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
सुमध्यमेO fair-waisted one
सुमध्यमे:
TypeNoun
Rootसुमध्यमा
FormFeminine, Vocative, Singular
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
पाटयतःwhile (I) was splitting / of (me) splitting
पाटयतः:
Karta (genitive absolute / genitive of the agent)
TypeVerb
Rootपाटयत् (पाटय् < √पट्/√पट् caus. ‘to split’)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
काष्ठम्wood, a log
काष्ठम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootकाष्ठ
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
शिरसःof (my) head / in the head
शिरसः:
Adhikarana (locus/affected part, expressed via genitive)
TypeNoun
Rootशिरस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
मेmy / to me
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Form—, Genitive, Singular
रुजाwith pain; by pain
रुजा:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootरुज्/रुजा
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
अभवत्arose / happened / became
अभवत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (to be, to become)
FormImperfect (Past), 3rd, Singular

यम उवाच

Y
Yama
S
sumadhyame (addressed woman, i.e., Sāvitrī in context)
K
kāṣṭha (wood/log)
Ś
śiras (head)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how an unexpected physical crisis can become the immediate occasion for a dharmic test: when suffering and death draw near, the ethical qualities of steadiness, truthfulness, and right conduct become decisive.

A man recounts that he went out with the woman to gather fruits, and while splitting wood he was struck by intense head pain—an ominous symptom that sets in motion the ensuing encounter with death (Yama) and the dharma-centered dialogue that follows.