Shloka 33

इन्द्रजिद्-लक्ष्मणयुद्धम्

Indrajit and Lakṣmaṇa: Escalation through Concealment

Devanagari script

स तस्मिन्‌ संकुले सैन्ये द्रौपदीमवतार्य ताम्‌ प्राणप्रेप्सुरुपाधावद्‌ वनं येन नराधम:,उस तितर-बितर हुई सेनाके बीच उस द्रौपदीको रथसे उतारकर नराधम जयद्रथ अपने प्राण बचानेके लिये वनकी ओर भागा

Transliteration

sa tasmin saṅkule sainye draupadīm avatārya tām prāṇaprepsur upādhāvad vanaṁ yena narādhamaḥ

Translation

In that confused and scattered army, the vile Jayadratha set Draupadī down from his chariot and, desperate to save his own life, fled toward the forest. The verse underscores the moral contrast between abducting a helpless woman and then abandoning her when danger arises—cowardice joined to adharma.

Word by Word

• सः: he
• सः: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तस्मिन्: in that
• तस्मिन्: Adhikarana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• संकुले: confused, crowded
• संकुले: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: संकुल
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• सैन्ये: army
• सैन्ये: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: सैन्य
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• द्रौपदीम्: Draupadi
• द्रौपदीम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: द्रौपदी
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• अवतार्य: having made (her) descend, having set down
• अवतार्य: Karana
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव-तॄ
• Form: Absolutive (Gerund), Active

• ताम्: her
• ताम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• प्राण: life-breaths, life
• प्राण: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: प्राण
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• प्रेप्सुः: desiring to obtain (save)
• प्रेप्सुः: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: प्र-आप्
• Form: Desiderative participle (-इप्सु), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• उपाधावत्: ran towards, rushed
• उपाधावत्: Karta
• Type: Verb
• Root: उप-धाव्
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada

• वनम्: forest
• वनम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: वन
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• येन: by whom / by which (way)
• येन: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Instrumental, Singular

• नराधमः: the vilest of men
• नराधमः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: नराधम
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

वैशम्पायन उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vaiśampāyana
• Draupadī
• Jayadratha
• army (sainya)
• chariot (implied by avatārya)
• forest (vana)