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Shloka 31

Kuvalāśva’s Lineage and Uttaṅka’s Petition concerning Dhundhu (धुन्धु-प्रसङ्गः)

न हि क्षम्यते तन्‍्मया हनिष्याम्येतानेतैर्दुरात्मभि: प्रिया मे भक्षिता सर्वथैव मे वध्या मण्डूका नाहसि विद्वन्‌ मामुपरोद्भधुमिति,“मैं क्षमा नहीं कर सकता। इन मेढकोंको अवश्य मारूँगा। इन दुरात्माओंने मेरी प्रियतमाको खा लिया है। अतः ये मेढक मेरे लिये सर्वथा वध्य ही हैं। विद्वन! आप मुझे उनके वधसे न रोकें”

na hi kṣamyate tanmayā haniṣyāmyetān etair durātmabhiḥ priyā me bhakṣitā sarvathaiva me vadhyā maṇḍūkā nāhasi vidvan mām uparoddhum iti

Vaiśampāyana said: “I cannot forgive this. I will surely kill these frogs. Those wicked creatures have devoured my beloved; therefore, for me, these frogs are wholly deserving of death. O wise one, you should not restrain me from slaying them.”

not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
हिindeed/for
हि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootहि
क्षम्यतेis forgiven / can be forgiven
क्षम्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootक्षम् (क्षमते)
FormLat, Atmanepada, Prathama, Eka
तत्that (act/thing)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNapumsaka, Prathama/Dvitīyā, Eka
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormTritīyā, Eka
हनिष्यामिI will kill
हनिष्यामि:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormLrt (Simple Future), Parasmaipada, Uttama, Eka
एतान्these (ones)
एतान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormPum, Dvitīyā, Bahu
एतैःby these
एतैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootएतद्
FormPum/Napumsaka, Tritīyā, Bahu
दुरात्मभिःby wicked ones
दुरात्मभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootदुरात्मन्
FormPum, Tritīyā, Bahu
प्रियाbeloved (female)
प्रिया:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रिय
FormStrī, Prathamā, Eka
मेmy/of me
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormṢaṣṭhī, Eka
भक्षिताeaten/devoured
भक्षिता:
TypeVerb
Rootभक्ष्
FormKta (Past Passive Participle), Strī, Prathamā, Eka
सर्वथाentirely/in every way
सर्वथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वथा
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
मेmy/of me
मे:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormṢaṣṭhī, Eka
वध्याःfit to be killed / to be slain
वध्याः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवध्य
FormPum, Prathamā, Bahu
मण्डूकाःfrogs
मण्डूकाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमण्डूक
FormPum, Prathamā, Bahu
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अर्हसिyou should/ought
अर्हसि:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्ह्
FormLat, Parasmaipada, Madhyama, Eka
विद्वन्O learned one
विद्वन्:
TypeNoun
Rootविद्वस्
FormPum, Sambodhana, Eka
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormDvitīyā, Eka
उपरोद्धुम्to restrain/stop
उपरोद्धुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootरुध् (उप-रुध्)
FormTumun (Infinitive)
इतिthus/quoting
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
M
maṇḍūka (frogs)
V
vidvān (a wise person addressed)
P
priyā (the beloved woman/creature of the speaker)

Educational Q&A

The verse dramatizes the ethical tension between grief-driven vengeance and the dharmic ideal of restraint. The speaker insists on retribution for a personal loss, while the presence of a “wise one” implies a countervailing moral voice: that anger can distort judgment and that punishment should not be driven solely by passion.

A character, speaking within Vaiśampāyana’s narration, declares that he cannot forgive the frogs because they have devoured his beloved. He resolves to kill them and tells a learned person not to stop him, setting up a moral confrontation between impulsive retaliation and counsel toward self-control.