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Shloka 11

Kuvalāśva’s Lineage and Uttaṅka’s Petition concerning Dhundhu (धुन्धु-प्रसङ्गः)

अथोवाच कन्या समयेनाहं शक्‍या त्वया लब्धुं नान्यथेति राजा तां समयमपृच्छत्‌ । कन्योवाच नोदकं मे दर्शयितव्यमिति,“कन्या बोली” तुम मुझे एक शर्तके साथ पा सकते हो अन्यथा नहीं।” राजाने उससे वह शर्त पूछी। कनन्‍्याने कहा--“मुझे कभी जलका दर्शन न कराना'

athovāca kanyā samayenāhaṃ śakyā tvayā labdhuṃ nānyatheti rājā tāṃ samayam apṛcchat | kanyovāca nodakaṃ me darśayitavyam iti |

Then the maiden said, “You may obtain me only on a condition—otherwise not.” The king asked her what that condition was. The maiden replied, “You must never show me water.” The episode frames a marriage-like acquisition as bound by a freely stated vow, highlighting the ethical weight of consent and the duty to honor stipulated conditions.

अथthen
अथ:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
कन्याthe maiden
कन्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकन्या
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
समयेनby/with a condition
समयेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसमय
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
अहम्I
अहम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
Formnominative, singular
शक्याpossible / obtainable
शक्या:
TypeAdjective
Rootशक्य
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
Forminstrumental, singular
लब्धुम्to obtain
लब्धुम्:
TypeVerb
Rootलभ्
FormInfinitive (Tumun)
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अन्यथाotherwise
अन्यथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअन्यथा
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
राजाthe king
राजा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
ताम्her
ताम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formfeminine, accusative, singular
समयम्the condition
समयम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसमय
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
अपृच्छत्asked
अपृच्छत्:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रच्छ्
FormImperfect (Lan), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
कन्याthe maiden
कन्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकन्या
Formfeminine, nominative, singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3, singular, Parasmaipada
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
उदकम्water
उदकम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootउदक
Formneuter, accusative, singular
मेto me / for me
मे:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formdative, singular
दर्शयितव्यम्must be shown
दर्शयितव्यम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootदर्शयितव्य
Formneuter, nominative, singular, Gerundive (Tavya) from causative of √दृश् (दर्शयति)
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
K
kanyā (the maiden)
R
rājā (the king)
U
udaka (water)

Educational Q&A

A condition freely stated becomes a binding samaya (stipulation); dharma requires honoring such vows and respecting the agency of the other party, especially in agreements resembling marriage.

A maiden tells a king he can obtain her only under a specific condition. When he asks what it is, she states the prohibition: he must never show her water.