Shloka 34
Karma, Preta-gati, and the Continuity of Phala
Mārkaṇḍeya’s Instruction
Devanagari script
प्राइनाभिवर्धनात् पुंसो जातकर्म विधीयते । तत्रास्य माता सावित्री पिता त्वाचार्य उच्यते
Transliteration
prāṇābhivardhanāt puṁso jātakarma vidhīyate | tatrāsya mātā sāvitrī pitā tv ācārya ucyate ||
Translation
Yudhiṣṭhira said: “Because the vital life-force of a person is fostered and strengthened, the rite called jātakarma is prescribed. In that context, the Sāvitrī (the sacred Gāyatrī/Sāvitrī mantra that awakens spiritual life) is spoken of as his mother, and the teacher (ācārya) is called his father.”
Word by Word
प्राणिनाम्of living beings
प्राणिनाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootप्राणिन्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Plural
अभिवर्धनात्from (the) growth/increase
अभिवर्धनात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootअभिवर्धन
FormNeuter, Ablative, Singular
पुंसःof a man
पुंसः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपुंस्
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
जातकर्मthe birth-rite (jātakarma)
जातकर्म:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootजातकर्मन्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
विधीयतेis prescribed/ordained
विधीयते:
TypeVerb
Rootधा (वि + धा)
FormPresent, Passive, Third, Singular
तत्रthere/in that (rite/context)
तत्र:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतत्र
अस्यof him/of this (child)
अस्य:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
माताmother
माता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमातृ
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
सावित्रीSāvitrī (the Gāyatrī mantra)
सावित्री:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसावित्री
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
पिताfather
पिता:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपितृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/and (contrastive)
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
आचार्यःteacher/preceptor
आचार्यः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootआचार्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उच्यतेis called/said
उच्यते:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPresent, Passive, Third, Singular
Speaker
युधिछिर उवाच
Characters & Entities
Y
YudhiṣṭhiraS
Sāvitrī (Gāyatrī mantra)Ā
Ācārya (teacher/preceptor)J
Jātakarma (saṁskāra)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes