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Shloka 29

Adhyāya 168: Arjuna’s counters to māyā-rains and the onset of darkness

Nivātakavaca engagement

अर्णुर्ब॑हच्छिरा भूत्वा बृहच्चाणुशिरा: पुन: । एकीभूतस्तदा राजन्‌ सो<भ्यवर्तत मां युधि,कभी उसका शरीर तो बहुत छोटा हो जाता, परंतु मस्तक बहुत बड़ा दिखायी देता था। फिर वह विशाल शरीर धारण कर लेता और मस्तक बहुत छोटा बना लेता था। राजन! अन्तमें वह एक ही रूपमें प्रकट होकर युद्धमें मेरा सामना करने लगा। भरतर्षभ! जब मैं बाणोंकी वर्षा करके भी युद्धमें उसे परास्त न कर सका, तब मैंने महान्‌ वायव्यास्त्रका प्रयोग किया

arṇur bahacchirā bhūtvā bṛhaccāṇuśirāḥ punaḥ | ekībhūtastadā rājan so 'bhyavartata māṃ yudhi |

Arjuna said: “O King, he would at times become a being with a very small body but an enormous head; then again he would assume a vast body while his head appeared tiny. Finally, gathering himself into a single, unified form, he advanced against me in battle.”

अर्णुःArṇu (proper name)
अर्णुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्णु (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
बहत्-शिराःhaving a large head
बहत्-शिराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबहत् + शिरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
भूत्वाhaving become
भूत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootभू (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here), Non-finite
बृहत्-च-अणु-शिराःhaving a huge body and a tiny head
बृहत्-च-अणु-शिराः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबृहत् + अणु + शिरस् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
पुनःagain
पुनः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुनः
एकीभूतःbecome one (single-formed)
एकीभूतः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootएकीभू (धातु) / एकीभूत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, क्त (past passive participle)
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
राजन्O king
राजन्:
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अभ्यवर्ततadvanced against / confronted
अभ्यवर्तत:
TypeVerb
Rootवृत् (धातु) with अभि- (उपसर्ग)
FormImperfect (लङ्), 3rd, Singular, Atmanepada
माम्me
माम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअस्मद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormAccusative, Singular, —
युधिin battle
युधि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुध् (प्रातिपदिक; noun)
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular

अजुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
K
King (rājan; the listener addressed)
A
Arṇuḥ (the opponent described)

Educational Q&A

The passage highlights steadiness and discernment in conflict: even when an adversary changes form and creates confusion, a warrior must keep composure, assess the situation clearly, and respond with appropriate means rather than panic.

Arjuna reports to a king that his opponent repeatedly altered proportions—sometimes tiny-bodied with a huge head, sometimes huge-bodied with a tiny head—before finally consolidating into a single form and directly engaging Arjuna in battle.