Shloka 4
Indratīrtha–Ādityatīrtha: Balarāma’s Ritual Bathing, Dāna, and Sacred-Historical Recollections
Devanagari script
समास्तस्या व्यतिक्रान्ता बह्दयः कुरुकुलोद्वह । चरन्त्या नियमांस्तांस्तान् स्त्रीभिस्तीव्रान् सुदुश्षरान्
Transliteration
samāstāsyā vyatikrāntā bahudayaḥ kurukulodvaha | carantyā niyamāṁs tāṁs tān strībhiḥ tīvrān suduṣṣarān ||
Translation
Vaiśampāyana said: Many days passed for her, O foremost of the Kuru line, as she continued to observe those various disciplines—severe and exceedingly hard to endure—together with the other women. The narrative underscores steadfastness in self-restraint and the moral weight of sustained vows even amid grief and upheaval.
Word by Word
समाःyears
समाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसम (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
तस्याःof her
तस्याः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
व्यतिक्रान्ताःpassed (by), elapsed
व्यतिक्रान्ताः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवि + अति + क्रम् (धातु) → व्यतिक्रान्त (क्त-प्रत्यय)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
बह्व्यःmany
बह्व्यः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबहु (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
कुरुकुलोद्वहO bearer of the Kuru lineage
कुरुकुलोद्वह:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु-कुल-उद्वह (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
चरन्त्याःof (her) practicing/observing
चरन्त्याः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootचर् (धातु) → चरन्ती (शतृ-प्रत्यय)
FormFeminine, Genitive, Singular
नियमान्vows, restraints, observances
नियमान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनियम (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तान्those
तान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
तान्those (various)
तान्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
स्त्रीभिःby women
स्त्रीभिः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootस्त्री (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Plural
तीव्रान्severe, intense
तीव्रान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootतीव्र (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
सुदुष्करान्very difficult (to perform)
सुदुष्करान्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootसु-दुष्कर (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Plural
Speaker
वैशम्पायन उवाच
Characters & Entities
V
VaiśampāyanaK
Kuru lineage (Kurukula)W
women (striyaḥ)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes