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Shloka 77

द्वैपायनह्रदे दुर्योधनान्वेषणम् / The Search for Duryodhana at Dvaipāyana Lake

अपि चैषां भयं तीव्र पार्थेभ्यो5 भूत्‌ सुदारुणम्‌ । प्रेक्षमाणास्तदान्योन्यमाधावन्नगरं प्रति,उन्हें कुन्तीके पुत्रोंसे दारुण एवं तीव्र भय प्राप्त हुआ था। वे एक-दूसरेकी ओर देखते हुए नगरकी ओर भागने लगे

api caiṣāṃ bhayaṃ tīvraṃ pārthebhyo 'bhūt sudāruṇam | prekṣamāṇās tadānyonyam ādhāvann agaraṃ prati ||

Sañjaya said: A fierce and dreadful fear of the Pārthas seized them. Then, glancing at one another, they fled in haste toward the city—fear breaking their resolve amid the press of war.

अपिalso, even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
एषाम्of these (men)
एषाम्:
Sampradana
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine/neuter, genitive, plural
भयम्fear
भयम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभय
Formneuter, nominative, singular
तीव्रम्intense
तीव्रम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootतीव्र
Formneuter, nominative, singular
पार्थेभ्यःfrom the sons of Pṛthā (Pāṇḍavas)
पार्थेभ्यः:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
Formmasculine, ablative, plural
अभूत्arose, came to be
अभूत्:
TypeVerb
Rootभू
Formaorist (luṅ), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
सुदारुणम्very dreadful
सुदारुणम्:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुदारुण
Formneuter, nominative, singular
प्रेक्षमाणाःlooking, watching
प्रेक्षमाणाः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र + ईक्ष्
Formpresent active participle (śatṛ), masculine, nominative, plural
तदाthen
तदा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतदा
अन्योन्यम्each other (mutually)
अन्योन्यम्:
TypePronoun/Adjective
Rootअन्योन्य
Formmasculine, accusative, singular, adverbial accusative
आधावन्ran, rushed
आधावन्:
TypeVerb
Rootआ + धाव्
Formimperfect (laṅ), 3rd, plural, parasmaipada
नगरम्to the city
नगरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनगर
Formneuter, accusative, singular
प्रतिtowards
प्रति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootप्रति

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pārthas (Pāṇḍavas; sons of Kuntī)

Educational Q&A

In war-narrative terms, the verse highlights how fear can rapidly dissolve collective courage: when confidence collapses, people seek safety by following the movement of others, even without clear strategy. Ethically, it contrasts the ideal of steadfast kṣatriya resolve with the human tendency to panic under overwhelming threat.

Sañjaya reports that a group (implicitly warriors on the Kaurava side) becomes intensely frightened of the Pārthas. They look at each other in alarm and then run toward the city, indicating a retreat or rout in the midst of the conflict.