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Shloka 19

Adhyāya 3: Indra’s Invitation and Yudhiṣṭhira’s Refusal to Abandon the Dog

Svargārohaṇa Test

पुरा द्वैतवने चासि मया पुत्र परीक्षित: । पानीयार्थे पराक्रान्ता यत्र ते भ्रातरो हता:

purā dvaitavane cāsi mayā putra parīkṣitaḥ | pānīyārthe parākrāntā yatra te bhrātaro hatāḥ ||

Dharmarāja said: “Formerly, in the Dvaitavana forest, my son, you were tested by me—when you had gone forth with resolve to fetch water, at the very place where your brothers lay slain.”

पुराformerly, once
पुरा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपुरा
द्वैतवनेin the Dvaitavana (forest)
द्वैतवने:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootद्वैतवन
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
असिyou were/are
असि:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, 2, Singular, Parasmaipada
मयाby me
मया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootअहम्
FormCommon, Instrumental, Singular
पुत्रO son
पुत्र:
TypeNoun
Rootपुत्र
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
परीक्षितःtested, examined
परीक्षितः:
TypeVerb
Rootपरि + ईक्ष्
FormPast Passive Participle (kta), Masculine, Nominative, Singular
पानीयार्थेfor the sake of water
पानीयार्थे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootपानीय + अर्थ
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
पराक्रान्ताःhaving set forth/advanced
पराक्रान्ताः:
TypeVerb
Rootपरा + क्रम्
FormPast Active Participle (kta/ktavatu sense), Masculine, Nominative, Plural
यत्रwhere
यत्र:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयत्र
तेyour
ते:
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormCommon, Genitive, Singular
भ्रातरःbrothers
भ्रातरः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभ्रातृ
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
हताःwere slain, were struck down
हताः:
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
FormPast Passive Participle (kta), Masculine, Nominative, Plural

धर्मरज उवाच

D
Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
P
Parīkṣit
D
Dvaitavana (forest)
T
the brothers (Pāṇḍavas, implied)

Educational Q&A

The verse invokes a remembered ‘test’ to highlight steadiness under trial: righteous conduct is proved not in comfort but when one must act with resolve amid fear, loss, and moral pressure.

Dharmarāja addresses Parīkṣit and recalls an earlier incident in the Dvaitavana forest: Parīkṣit went to fetch water, and this moment is framed as a deliberate test by Dharmarāja, set against the grim scene where the brothers were found slain.