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Shloka 16

कर्णपुत्रवधः (The Fall of Vṛṣasena) — Karṇa Parva, Adhyāya 62

योद्धव्यमद्य पार्थेन फाल्गुनेन त्वया सह । किमर्थ धर्मराजेन युध्यसे भूशरोषित:,“कर्ण! आज तुम्हें कुन्तीकुमार अर्जुनके साथ युद्ध करना है। फिर अत्यन्त रोषमें भरकर धर्मराजके साथ किसलिये जूझ रहे हो?

yoḍḍhavyam adya pārthena phālgunena tvayā saha | kimartha dharmarājena yudhyase bhūśaroṣitaḥ ||

Sañjaya said: “Karna, today you are meant to fight with Pārtha—Arjuna, the son of Phalguna. Why then, inflamed with fierce anger, are you engaging in battle with Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira)?”

योद्धव्यम्must be fought (a battle must be fought)
योद्धव्यम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
Formतव्यत् (gerundive/obligative), Neuter, Nominative, Singular, Passive obligation
अद्यtoday
अद्य:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअद्य
पार्थेनby/with Partha (Arjuna)
पार्थेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपार्थ
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
फाल्गुनेनby/with Phalguna (Arjuna)
फाल्गुनेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootफाल्गुन
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
त्वयाby/with you
त्वया:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
Form—, Instrumental, Singular
सहtogether with
सह:
Karana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
किमर्थम्for what reason? why?
किमर्थम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootकिमर्थ
धर्मराजेनby/with Dharmaraja (Yudhishthira)
धर्मराजेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मराज
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
युध्यसेyou fight
युध्यसे:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootयुध्
Formलट्, आत्मनेपद, Second, Singular, Active (middle endings)
भूशरोषितःgreatly enraged
भूशरोषितः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभूश-रोषित
Formक्त (past passive participle), Masculine, Nominative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Karna
P
Pārtha (Arjuna)
P
Phālguna (Arjuna)
D
Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the ethical and strategic need to direct one’s martial energy toward the rightful opponent and not be driven off-course by uncontrolled anger; wrath can distort judgment and lead to misdirected conflict, even against a figure identified with dharma.

Sañjaya comments on Karna’s conduct on the battlefield: Karna’s principal destined confrontation is with Arjuna, yet he is seen fighting Yudhiṣṭhira (Dharmarāja) in a rage. Sañjaya questions this choice, implying a deviation from the expected focus of the day’s combat.