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Shloka 25

Chapter 12: Arjuna’s suppression of the Saṃśaptakas and duel with Aśvatthāmā

Drauṇi

त॑ दृष्टवा द्विरदं दूरात्‌ क्षेमधूर्तिद्धिपस्थित: । आह्वयन्नभिदुद्राव प्रमना: प्रमनस्तरम्‌,उनके उस हाथीको दूरसे ही देखकर हाथीपर ही बैठे हुए महामना क्षेमधूर्तिने महामनस्वी भीमसेनको ललकारते हुए उनपर धावा किया सात्यकिं च ततस्‍्तूर्ण केकयानां महारथ: । शरैरनेकसाहसैर्बाह्वोरुगसि चार्पयत्‌ तदनन्तर केकय-महारथी विन्दने तुरंत ही सात्यकिकी दोनों भुजाओं और छातीमें कई हजार बाण मारे

taṁ dṛṣṭvā dviradaṁ dūrāt kṣemadhūrtir adhiṣṭhitaḥ | āhvayann abhidudrāva pramāṇaḥ pramanastaram || sātyakiṁ ca tataḥ tūrṇaṁ kekayānāṁ mahārathaḥ | śarair anekasāhasair bāhv-urugasi cārpayat ||

Sañjaya said: Seeing that elephant from afar, Kṣemadhūrti—mounted upon the great beast—rushed forward, loudly challenging the high-souled Bhīmasena and charging straight at him. Then, without delay, the Kekaya great chariot-warrior struck Sātyaki with many thousands of arrows, planting them into his arms and broad chest. The passage underscores the relentless momentum of battle, where valor and aggression surge forward even as the moral weight of violence hangs over every act.

तत्that (object)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
दृष्ट्वाhaving seen
दृष्ट्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootदृश्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), parasmaipada (usage), non-finite
द्विरदम्elephant
द्विरदम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्विरद
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
दूरात्from afar
दूरात्:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootदूर
Formablatival adverb (from afar)
क्षेमधूर्तिःKṣemadhūrti (proper name)
क्षेमधूर्तिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootक्षेमधूर्ति
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
इद्धिindeed / (textual particle)
इद्धि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइद्धि
Formparticle (emphatic/indeclinable; reading uncertain)
उपस्थितःmounted/standing near; present
उपस्थितः:
TypeAdjective
Rootउपस्थित
Formmasculine, nominative, singular, क्त (past passive participle from उप-स्था)
आह्वयन्calling/challenging
आह्वयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootआह्वा
Formशतृ (present active participle), masculine, nominative, singular
अभिदुद्रावrushed towards/charged
अभिदुद्राव:
TypeVerb
Rootअभि-द्रु
Formperfect (liṭ) / narrative past, 3, singular, parasmaipada
प्रमनाःhigh-souled / noble-minded (reading uncertain)
प्रमनाः:
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रमन्/प्रमना (variant; likely प्रमनस्)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
प्रमनस्तरम्the more noble-minded (one)
प्रमनस्तरम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रमनस्तर (comparative/superlative-like formation; from प्रमनस्)
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
सात्यकिम्Sātyaki
सात्यकिम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootसात्यकि
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formconjunction
ततःthen/thereupon
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
Formadverb
तूर्णम्quickly
तूर्णम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतूर्ण
Formadverb
केकयानाम्of the Kekayas
केकयानाम्:
TypeNoun
Rootकेकय
Formmasculine, genitive, plural
महारथःgreat chariot-warrior
महारथः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमहारथ
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
शरैःwith arrows
शरैः:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
Formmasculine, instrumental, plural
अनेकसाहसैःby many thousands (lit. many-thousands)
अनेकसाहसैः:
TypeAdjective
Rootअनेक-साहस
Formneuter, instrumental, plural
बाह्वोःon (his) two arms
बाह्वोः:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootबाहु
Formmasculine, locative, dual
उरुगसिon the chest (reading likely उरसि)
उरुगसि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootउरुगसि (for उरः + गसि/गसि; reading uncertain; likely उरसि)
Formneuter, locative, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formconjunction
अर्पयत्placed/shot (lit. caused to be placed)
अर्पयत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअर्पय् (causative of ऋ/अर्प् in usage)
Formimperfect (laṅ), 3, singular, parasmaipada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
K
Kṣemadhūrti
E
elephant (dvirada)
B
Bhīmasena (Bhīma)
S
Sātyaki
K
Kekaya mahāratha (Kekaya warrior; identified in the Hindi as Vindana)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the kṣatriya ethos of direct challenge and fearless engagement in battle, while implicitly reminding the listener that such prowess operates within the grave ethical atmosphere of war—where courage and aggression are inseparable from the consequences of harm.

Kṣemadhūrti, seated on an elephant, sees the opposing elephant from a distance and charges while challenging Bhīma. Immediately afterward, a Kekaya great warrior (noted in the accompanying Hindi as Vindana) showers Sātyaki with a massive volley of arrows, striking his arms and chest.