Shloka 3

Devanagari script

यज्ञावाप्तिब्रल्चिणस्येह नित्यं घोरे युद्धे क्षत्रियाणां यशश्न । शेषौ वर्णो काममिष्टं लभेते पुत्रान्‌ पौत्रान्‌ नित्यमिष्टांस्तथैव

Transliteration

yajñāvāptir brāhmaṇasya iha nityaṁ ghore yuddhe kṣatriyāṇāṁ yaśaḥ | śeṣau varṇau kāmam iṣṭaṁ labhete putrān pautrān nityam iṣṭāṁs tathaiva ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: “Here in this world, the Brāhmaṇa’s constant gain is the fruit of sacrifice, while in dreadful battle the Kṣatriyas’ constant gain is glory. The remaining two social orders may obtain whatever desired ends they seek—sons and grandsons, and other wished-for attainments as well.”

Word by Word

• यज्ञ: sacrifice
• यज्ञ: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: यज्ञ
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• अवाप्ति: attainment
• अवाप्ति: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अवाप्ति
• Form: Feminine, Nominative, Singular

• ब्राह्मणस्य: of a Brahmin
• ब्राह्मणस्य: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: ब्राह्मण
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Singular

• इह: here (in this world)
• इह: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: इह

• नित्यम्: always
• नित्यम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य

• घोरे: in terrible
• घोरे: Adhikarana
• Type: Adjective
• Root: घोर
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• युद्धे: in battle
• युद्धे: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: युद्ध
• Form: Neuter, Locative, Singular

• क्षत्रियाणाम्: of Kshatriyas
• क्षत्रियाणाम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Noun
• Root: क्षत्रिय
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• यशः: fame
• यशः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: यशस्
• Form: Neuter, Nominative, Singular

• च: and
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: च

• शेषौ: the remaining two
• शेषौ: Karta
• Type: Adjective
• Root: शेष
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• वर्णौ: the two varnas (classes)
• वर्णौ: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: वर्ण
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Dual

• कामम्: as they wish / at will
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: कामम्

• इष्टम्: desired (thing)
• इष्टम्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इष्ट
• Form: Neuter, Accusative, Singular

• लभेते: they obtain
• Type: Verb
• Root: लभ्
• Form: Present, Third, Dual, Atmanepada

• पुत्रान्: sons
• पुत्रान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पुत्र
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• पौत्रान्: grandsons
• पौत्रान्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पौत्र
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• नित्यम्: always
• नित्यम्: Adhikarana
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: नित्य

• इष्टान्: desired / dear
• इष्टान्: Karma
• Type: Adjective
• Root: इष्ट
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• तथा: thus / likewise
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: तथा

• एव: indeed / just
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: एव

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Brāhmaṇa
• Kṣatriya
• Vaiśya
• Śūdra
• yajña (sacrifice)
• yuddha (war)