Shloka 123

Devanagari script

सर्वथा यत्‌ पशून्‌ पाति तैश्न यद्‌ रमते पुनः । तेषामधिपतिर्यच्च तस्मात्‌ पशुपति: स्मृत:,ये सर्वथा पशुओं (प्राणियों)-का पालन करते और उन्हींके साथ खेला करते हैं तथा उन पशुओंके अधिपति हैं; इसलिये “पशुपति' कहे गये हैं

Transliteration

sarvathā yat paśūn pāti taiś ca yad ramate punaḥ | teṣām adhipatir yat ca tasmāt paśupatiḥ smṛtaḥ ||

Translation

Vyāsa said: “He is remembered as ‘Paśupati’ because, in every way, he protects living creatures, delights again in their company, and stands as their lord and guardian. The title thus points to a ruler’s duty of care—sovereignty expressed not as domination, but as protection and benevolent oversight.”

Word by Word

• सर्वथा: in every way, always
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: सर्वथा

• यत्: who/which
• यत्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• पशून्: animals, creatures
• पशून्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: पशु
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Plural

• पाति: protects, tends
• Type: Verb
• Root: पा (पालने)
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Parasmaipada

• तैः: with them
• तैः: Karana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural

• यत्: who/which
• यत्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• रमते: sports, delights (with)
• Type: Verb
• Root: रम्
• Form: Present, Third, Singular, Atmanepada

• पुनः: again; moreover
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: पुनः

• तेषाम्: of those (animals)
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Genitive, Plural

• अधिपतिः: lord, master
• अधिपतिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: अधिपति
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• यत्: who/which
• यत्: Karta
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: यद्
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• तस्मात्: therefore; from that (reason)
• तस्मात्: Apadana
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: तद्
• Form: Masculine/Neuter, Ablative, Singular

• पशुपतिः: lord of animals (Pashupati)
• पशुपतिः: Karta
• Type: Noun
• Root: पशुपति
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• स्मृतः: is called/considered
• Type: Participle
• Root: स्मृ (स्मरणे)
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular, Passive, Past (PPP)

Speaker

व्यास उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Vyāsa
• Paśupati (epithet of Śiva/Rudra)
• paśu (creatures/animals)