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Shloka 45

द्रोणपुत्रस्याग्नेयास्त्रप्रयोगः — अर्जुनस्य ब्राह्मास्त्रप्रतिघातः — व्यासोपदेशः

Aśvatthāmā’s Agneyāstra, Arjuna’s Brāhmāstra Counter, and Vyāsa’s Instruction

राजन! जब बड़े-बड़े वीरोंका विनाश करनेवाला वह संग्राम चल रहा था, उसी समय वहाँ गाण्डीव धनुषकी गम्भीर टंकार-ध्वनि बड़े जोर-जोरसे सुनायी देने लगी ।। श्र॒त्वा तु रथनिर्घोषं गाण्डीवस्य च नि:स्वनम्‌ । सूतपुत्रो5ब्रवीद्‌ राजन्‌ दुर्योधनमिदं वच:,नरेश्वर! अर्जुनके रथका गम्भीर घोष और गाण्डीव धनुषकी टंकार सुनकर सूतपुत्र कर्णने दुर्योधनसे इस प्रकार कहा--

śrutvā tu rathanirghoṣaṃ gāṇḍīvasya ca niḥsvanam | sūtaputro 'bravīd rājan duryodhanam idaṃ vacaḥ ||

Sañjaya said: O King, hearing the deep rumble of Arjuna’s chariot and the resounding twang of the Gāṇḍīva bow, Karṇa—the son of a charioteer—addressed Duryodhana with these words. In the midst of a battle that was consuming even the greatest heroes, that sound rose like a portent, signaling the approach of a formidable moral and martial challenge.

श्रुत्वाhaving heard
श्रुत्वा:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु (धातु)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), parasmaipada (usage), non-finite
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
रथनिर्घोषम्the rumbling sound of the chariot
रथनिर्घोषम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथनिर्घोष (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
गाण्डीवस्यof (the bow) Gāṇḍīva
गाण्डीवस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootगाण्डीव (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, genitive, singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
निःस्वनम्the sound/twang
निःस्वनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootनिःस्वन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
सूतपुत्रःthe charioteer’s son (Karna)
सूतपुत्रः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसूतपुत्र (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अब्रवीत्said/spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू (धातु)
Formimperfect (लङ्), 3rd, singular, parasmaipada
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Sampradana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
दुर्योधनम्to Duryodhana
दुर्योधनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुर्योधन (प्रातिपदिक)
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
इदम्this
इदम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootइदम् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, accusative, singular
वचःspeech/words
वचः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवचस् (प्रातिपदिक)
Formneuter, accusative, singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
A
Arjuna
G
Gāṇḍīva
K
Karṇa
D
Duryodhana
A
Arjuna’s chariot (ratha)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how signs in war—like the unmistakable sound of a great warrior’s chariot and bow—carry ethical and strategic weight: they awaken responsibility in leaders, test resolve, and foreshadow consequences. It underscores that power is not merely physical; it also functions as a moral pressure on those who choose to persist in destructive conflict.

During the ongoing, devastating battle, the distinctive rumble of Arjuna’s chariot and the loud twang of his bow Gāṇḍīva are heard. In response to this signal of Arjuna’s presence and momentum, Karṇa turns to Duryodhana and begins to speak, setting up the next exchange.