Previous Verse
Next Verse

Shloka 30

Droṇa’s Withdrawal, Death, and the Kaurava Rout (द्रोणनिधन-प्रसङ्गः)

सारी सेनाओंके पार्श्रभागमें, आगे, पीछे, बीचमें एवं चारों ओर भिन्न-भिन्न सैनिक चलती हुई मशालें हाथमें लेकर पाण्डुपुत्रकी सेनाको प्रकाशित करने लगे ।। मध्ये तथान्ये ज्वलिताग्निहस्ता: सेनाद्वयेडपि सम नरा विचेरु: । सर्वेषु सैन्येषु पदातिसड्घा विमिश्रिता हस्तिरथाश्चववन्दै:

madhye tathānye jvalitāgnihastāḥ senādvayor api samaṃ narā viceruḥ | sarveṣu sainyeṣu padātisaṅghā vimiśritā hastirathāś ca vavande ||

Sañjaya said: In the midst of both armies, other men too moved about evenly, holding blazing fires in their hands. Throughout the forces, masses of foot-soldiers mingled with elephants and chariots, and the whole field seemed to surge with interwoven ranks—an ominous illumination that made the opposing host plainly visible and intensified the night’s moral tension of war.

मध्येin the middle
मध्ये:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootमध्य
Formindeclinable (locative sense)
तथाlikewise/also
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
Formindeclinable
अन्येothers (men)
अन्ये:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअन्य
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
ज्वलिताग्निहस्ताःhaving hands holding blazing fire/torches
ज्वलिताग्निहस्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootज्वलित-अग्नि-हस्त
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
सेनाद्वयेin both armies
सेनाद्वये:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसेना-द्वय
Formneuter, locative, dual
अपिalso/even
अपि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअपि
Formindeclinable
समम्equally/together
समम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसम
Formindeclinable (adverbial accusative)
नराःmen
नराः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनर
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
विचेरुःmoved about/wandered
विचेरुः:
TypeVerb
Rootवि-चर्
Formperfect (liṭ), 3rd person, plural
सर्वेषुin all
सर्वेषु:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootसर्व
Formneuter/masculine, locative, plural (agreeing with सैन्येषु)
सैन्येषुin the armies/forces
सैन्येषु:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसैन्य
Formneuter, locative, plural
पदातिसङ्घाःgroups of foot-soldiers
पदातिसङ्घाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपदाति-सङ्घ
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
विमिश्रिताःmingled/intermixed
विमिश्रिताः:
TypeAdjective
Rootवि-मिश्रित
Formmasculine, nominative, plural (past passive participle)
हस्तिरथाःelephants and chariots
हस्तिरथाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootहस्ति-रथ
Formmasculine, nominative, plural
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
Formindeclinable
ववन्देpraised/saluted (lit. bowed)
ववन्दे:
TypeVerb
Rootवन्द्
Formperfect (liṭ), 3rd person, singular (ātmanepada)

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
T
two armies (Pāṇḍava and Kaurava forces)
T
torches/blazing fires
I
infantry
E
elephants
C
chariots

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how war’s machinery—light, movement, and coordination—can strip away concealment and force confrontation. Ethically, it underscores the intensification of conflict when visibility and certainty replace ambiguity, pressing warriors to face the consequences of their choices without the cover of darkness.

Torch-bearers move through and between the two armies, spreading light across the battlefield. As the flames illuminate the field, infantry, elephants, and chariots appear intermingled in dense formations, conveying the scale and restless motion of the forces at night.