Shloka 31

तेन प्रदीप्तेन तथा प्रदीप्तं बल॑ तवासीदू बलवद्‌ बलेन

tena pradīptena tathā pradīptaṃ balaṃ tavāsīd balavad balena

Sañjaya said: By that blazing force, your army too was set ablaze—overpowered and inflamed by a might that was itself intensely powerful. The verse underscores how, in war, one side’s fierce momentum can ignite panic and collapse in the other, regardless of prior strength.

तेनby that
तेन:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
प्रदीप्तेनby the blazing (one/force)
प्रदीप्तेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रदीप्त
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
तथाthus; likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
प्रदीप्तम्blazing; inflamed
प्रदीप्तम्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्रदीप्त
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
बलम्army; force
बलम्:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
तवyour
तव:
Adhikarana
TypePronoun
Rootयुष्मद्
FormGenitive, Singular
आसीत्was
आसीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormImperfect, 3rd, Singular
indeed; emphatic particle
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
बलवत्strong; powerful
बलवत्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootबलवत्
FormNeuter, Nominative, Singular
बलेनby strength; by force
बलेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootबल
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra (implied by 'tava')
K
Kaurava army (tava balam)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how sheer intensity of force can spread like fire: when power is wielded with overwhelming momentum, it can ignite disorder and defeat in an opposing force. Ethically, it points to the destructive contagion of violence—strength in war often escalates suffering rather than restoring dharma.

Sañjaya reports to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that a blazing, overpowering force on the battlefield caused the Kaurava host (‘your army’) to become ‘inflamed’—i.e., thrown into turmoil, routed, or consumed by the opponent’s fierce onslaught.