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Shloka 10

उपायैः पूर्ववधकथनम् / Strategic Justifications for Prior Eliminations

तथैव नकुलो धीमान्‌ सहदेवश्न दुर्जय: । धृष्टद्युम्न: सहानीको विराटश्व॒ सकेकय:,मत्स्या: शाल्वा: ससेनाश्न द्रोणमेव ययुर्युधि । इसी तरह बुद्धिमान्‌ नकुल, दुर्जय वीर सहदेव, सेनासहित धृष्टद्युम्न, राजा विराट, केकयराजकुमार तथा मत्स्य और शाल्वदेशके सैनिक अपनी सेनाओंके साथ युद्धस्थलमें द्रोणाचार्यपर ही चढ़ आये

tathaiva nakulo dhīmān sahadevaś ca durjayaḥ | dhṛṣṭadyumnaḥ sahānīko virāṭaś ca kekayaḥ matsyāḥ śālvāḥ sasenāś ca droṇam eva yayur yudhi ||

Sañjaya said: Likewise, the wise Nakula and the hard-to-defeat Sahadeva—together with Dhṛṣṭadyumna at the head of his troops, King Virāṭa, the Kekaya prince, and the warriors of Matsya and Śālva with their armies—advanced on the battlefield straight toward Droṇācārya. The verse underscores the concentrated resolve of the Pāṇḍava side and their allies to confront the chief commander, accepting the grave moral weight of war while aiming to neutralize the force sustaining the enemy’s campaign.

तथाthus, likewise
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
एवindeed, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
नकुलःNakula
नकुलः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootनकुल
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धीमान्wise, intelligent
धीमान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootधीमत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सहदेवःSahadeva
सहदेवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसहदेव
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
दुर्जयःhard to conquer, invincible
दुर्जयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootदुर्जय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
धृष्टद्युम्नःDhrishtadyumna
धृष्टद्युम्नः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृष्टद्युम्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
सहtogether with
सह:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसह
अनीकःarmy, troop (having troops)
अनीकः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअनीक
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
विराटःVirata
विराटः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootविराट
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
सकेकयःtogether with the Kekayas / accompanied by Kekayas
सकेकयः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस-केकय
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
मत्स्याःthe Matsyas
मत्स्याः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootमत्स्य
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
शाल्वाःthe Shalvas
शाल्वाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशाल्व
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
with (that)
:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Root
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
सेनयाwith (their) army
सेनया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootसेना
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
द्रोणम्Drona
द्रोणम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootद्रोण
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एवalone, indeed
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
ययुःwent, advanced
ययुः:
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormPerfect (Paroksha), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
युधिin battle
युधि:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootयुध्
FormFeminine, Locative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
N
Nakula
S
Sahadeva
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna
V
Virāṭa
K
Kekaya (prince/king)
M
Matsya (people/kingdom)
Ś
Śālva (people/kingdom)
D
Droṇācārya

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights collective resolve and strategic focus in war: allies unite to confront the pivotal commander (Droṇa). Ethically, it reflects the kṣatriya burden—acting decisively in battle while bearing responsibility for the consequences of violence undertaken for a perceived righteous cause.

Sañjaya reports that Nakula, Sahadeva, Dhṛṣṭadyumna with his troops, King Virāṭa, the Kekaya ally, and the forces of Matsya and Śālva all move together on the battlefield to attack Droṇācārya directly.