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Shloka 9

Droṇa Encircled at Night: Coalition Advance and Battlefield Omens (द्रोणपर्यावरणं रात्रियुद्धवर्णनम्)

तमब्रवीन्महाराज धृष्टद्युम्नो वृकोदरम्‌

tam abravīn mahārāja dhṛṣṭadyumno vṛkodaram

Sañjaya said: O King, Dhṛṣṭadyumna addressed Vṛkodara, speaking to him directly amid the press of battle—an urgent call within the moral weight of fratricidal war, where duty and resolve must be voiced without delay.

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
अब्रवीत्said/spoke
अब्रवीत्:
TypeVerb
Rootब्रू
FormImperfect (Lan), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
धृष्टद्युम्नःDhrishtadyumna
धृष्टद्युम्नः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधृष्टद्युम्न
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वृकोदरम्Vrikodara (Bhima)
वृकोदरम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृकोदर
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Dhṛtarāṣṭra
D
Dhṛṣṭadyumna
V
Vṛkodara (Bhīma)

Educational Q&A

Even in violent conflict, responsibility is carried through clear speech and purposeful command: leaders must articulate intent and duty, and warriors must receive direction with steadiness, remembering the ethical gravity of their actions.

Sañjaya narrates to Dhṛtarāṣṭra that Dhṛṣṭadyumna speaks to Vṛkodara (Bhīma), indicating a moment of battlefield communication—likely an instruction, exhortation, or tactical appeal within the Drona Parva’s intense fighting.