Shloka 31

दुर्योधन-कर्ण-संवादः

Duryodhana–Karna Dialogue on Vyūha-bheda and Daiva

Devanagari script

अथैनं पज्चविंशत्या सायकानां समार्पयत्‌ । अवप्लुत्य रथाच्चैद्यो गदामादाय सत्वर:

Transliteration

athainaṁ pañcaviṁśatyā sāyakānāṁ samārpayat | avaplutya rathāc caidyo gadām ādāya satvaraḥ ||

Translation

Sañjaya said: Then he struck him with a volley of twenty-five arrows. Leaping down from his chariot, the king of Cedi swiftly seized his mace—shifting from missile warfare to close combat in the heat of battle, where courage and resolve are tested as much as skill.

Word by Word

• अथ: then
• Type: Indeclinable
• Root: अथ

• एनम्: him
• एनम्: Karma
• Type: Pronoun
• Root: इदम् (एतद्)
• Form: Masculine, Accusative, Singular

• पञ्चविंशत्या: with twenty-five
• पञ्चविंशत्या: Karana
• Type: Numeral
• Root: पञ्चविंशति
• Form: Feminine, Instrumental, Singular

• सायकानाम्: of arrows
• Type: Noun
• Root: सायक
• Form: Masculine, Genitive, Plural

• समार्पयत्: he struck/plied (him) with; he delivered
• Type: Verb
• Root: सम्-आ-√र्प् (अर्पयति)
• Form: Imperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Singular

• अवप्लुत्य: having leapt down
• Type: Verb
• Root: अव-√प्लु (प्लवते/प्लुति)
• Form: क्त्वा (absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for ktvā)

• रथात्: from the chariot
• रथात्: Apadana
• Type: Noun
• Root: रथ
• Form: Masculine, Ablative, Singular

• चैद्यः: the Caidya (king of Cedi)
• चैद्यः: Karta
• Type: Noun (patronymic/ethnonym used as proper epithet)
• Root: चैद्य
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

• गदाम्: a mace
• गदाम्: Karma
• Type: Noun
• Root: गदा
• Form: Feminine, Accusative, Singular

• आदाय: having taken up
• Type: Verb
• Root: आ-√दा (ददाति/आदत्ते)
• Form: ल्यप् (gerund/absolutive), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for lyap)

• सत्वरः: swiftly; in haste
• Type: Adjective
• Root: सत्वर
• Form: Masculine, Nominative, Singular

Speaker

संजय उवाच

Characters & Entities

• Sañjaya
• Caidya (king/warrior of Cedi)
• ratha (chariot)
• sāyaka (arrows)
• gadā (mace)