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Shloka 21

Bhagadattā’s Deployment Against Ghaṭotkaca; Elephant-Corps Escalation

धनु: प्रपीड्य वामेन करेणामित्रकर्शन: । शिरक्षिच्छेद समरे शरेणानतपर्वणा

dhanuḥ prapīḍya vāmena kareṇāmitrakarśanaḥ | śiraś ciccheda samare śareṇānataparvaṇā ||

Sañjaya said: Pressing the bow firmly with his left hand, the foe-subduer, in the thick of battle, severed his opponent’s head with an arrow whose joints were unbent—an act that displays the ruthless precision and irreversible consequences of war when martial duty is pursued without hesitation.

धनुःbow
धनुः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
प्रपीड्यhaving pressed/strained
प्रपीड्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-पीड्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral for gerund)
वामेनwith the left
वामेन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootवाम
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
करेणhand
करेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootकर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अमित्रकर्शनःcrusher of foes
अमित्रकर्शनः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootअमित्रकर्शन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
शिरःhead
शिरः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशिरस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
चिच्छेदcut off
चिच्छेद:
TypeVerb
Rootछिद्
FormPerfect (लिट्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
समरेin battle
समरे:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootसमर
FormMasculine, Locative, Singular
शरेणwith an arrow
शरेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootशर
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular
अनतपर्वणाhaving unbent joints/knots (straight-jointed)
अनतपर्वणा:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअनतपर्वन्
FormMasculine, Instrumental, Singular

संजय उवाच

संजय (Sañjaya)
धनुः (bow)
शर (arrow)
शिरः (head)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores the stark moral gravity of warfare: when a warrior commits to battle as duty, actions become swift and irreversible, highlighting both the discipline of martial skill and the heavy ethical cost of violence.

Sañjaya reports a battlefield moment where a warrior, bracing his bow with the left hand, releases a well-forged arrow and decapitates an opponent in combat.