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Shloka 47

Rajo-dhūli-saṃmūḍha-saṅgrāmaḥ

The Dust-Obscured Battle and Mutual Charges

वीक्षांचक्रु: समन्तात्‌ ते पाण्डवा भयपीडिता: । त्रातारं नाध्यगच्छन्त गाव: शीतार्दिता इव,पाण्डव योद्धा भयसे पीड़ित हो सब ओर देखने लगे; परंतु सर्दीसे पीड़ित हुई गौओंकी भाँति उन्हें अपना कोई रक्षक नहीं मिला

vīkṣāṃ cakruḥ samantāt te pāṇḍavā bhayapīḍitāḥ | trātāraṃ nādhyagacchanta gāvaḥ śītārditā iva ||

Sañjaya said: Stricken with fear, the Pāṇḍavas looked about on every side; yet they found no protector—like cattle tormented by winter cold, searching in vain for shelter. The verse underscores the moral loneliness that can arise in war when courage falters and dependable refuge is not immediately seen.

वीक्षाम्looking, glance
वीक्षाम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवीक्षा (स्त्री)
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
चक्रुःthey did/made
चक्रुः:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ (धातु)
FormPerfect (Liṭ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
समन्तात्on all sides, all around
समन्तात्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसमन्तात्
तेthey/those
ते:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद् (सर्वनाम)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पाण्डवाःthe Pandavas
पाण्डवाः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपाण्डव (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
भयपीडिताःafflicted by fear
भयपीडिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootभय-पीडित (कृदन्त)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
त्रातारम्a protector, rescuer
त्रातारम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootत्रातृ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
not
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
अध्यगच्छन्they found/obtained
अध्यगच्छन्:
TypeVerb
Rootअधि-गम् (धातु)
FormImperfect (Laṅ), 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
गावःcows
गावः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootगो (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
शीतार्दिताःafflicted by cold
शीतार्दिताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootशीत-आर्दित (कृदन्त)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Plural
इवlike, as if
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
P
Pāṇḍavas
C
cows/cattle (simile)

Educational Q&A

In moments of crisis, fear can make even capable warriors feel unprotected; the verse highlights the ethical and psychological need for steadfast leadership and inner resolve, especially amid the disorienting pressures of war.

Sañjaya describes the Pāṇḍava side as suddenly overwhelmed by fear, scanning all directions for someone to save or steady them, but finding no immediate protector—compared to cattle suffering in winter cold without shelter.