Shloka 41
Rajo-dhūli-saṃmūḍha-saṅgrāmaḥ
The Dust-Obscured Battle and Mutual Charges
Devanagari script
ततो भीष्मरथात् तूर्णमुत्पतन्ति पतत्त्रिण: । यैरन्तरिक्षं भूमिश्व सर्वतः समवस्तृता,तत्पश्चात् भीष्मके रथसे शीघ्रतापूर्वक पंखयुक्त बाण पक्षीके समान उड़ने लगे, जिन्होंने पृथ्वी और आकाश सबको आच्छादित कर लिया
Transliteration
tato bhīṣma-rathāt tūṛṇam utpatanti patattriṇaḥ | yair antarīkṣaṃ bhūmiś ca sarvataḥ samavastṛtāḥ ||
Translation
Sañjaya said: Then, from Bhīṣma’s chariot, winged shafts sprang forth at once, flying like birds, and with them the sky and the earth seemed covered on every side—an image of overwhelming martial power unleashed in the battle’s relentless course.
Word by Word
ततःthen/from there
ततः:
Apadana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः (तद्-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
FormAvyaya
भीष्म-रथात्from Bhishma's chariot
भीष्म-रथात्:
Apadana
TypeNoun
Rootभीष्म (प्रातिपदिक) + रथ (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Ablative, Singular
तूर्णम्swiftly
तूर्णम्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतूर्ण (प्रातिपदिक)
FormAvyaya (adverbial accusative)
उत्पतन्तिfly up / spring forth
उत्पतन्ति:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootउत् + पत् (धातु)
FormPresent, Parasmaipada, 3rd person, Plural
पतत्त्रिणःwinged ones (birds/winged missiles)
पतत्त्रिणः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootपतत्त्रिन् (प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यैःby which/with which
यैः:
Karana
TypePronoun
Rootयद् (सर्वनाम-प्रातिपदिक)
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
अन्तरिक्षम्the sky/space
अन्तरिक्षम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootअन्तरिक्ष (प्रातिपदिक)
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
भूमिःthe earth
भूमिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभूमि (प्रातिपदिक)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
चand
च:
Sambandha
TypeIndeclinable
Rootच (अव्यय)
FormAvyaya
सर्वतःon all sides/everywhere
सर्वतः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसर्वतः (सर्व-प्रातिपदिकात् अव्यय)
FormAvyaya
समवस्तृताwas covered/overspread
समवस्तृता:
Kriya
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + वस् (धातु) → समवस्तृत (कृदन्त-प्रातिपदिक)
FormPast passive participle (PPP), Feminine, Nominative, Singular
Speaker
संजय उवाच
Characters & Entities
S
SañjayaB
BhīṣmaB
Bhīṣma’s chariotA
arrows (winged shafts)Verse Rasa (Emotional Essence)
Geographic Context
Sandhi Notes