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Shloka 16

Chapter 47: Krauñca-vyūha Deployment and Conch-Signals

Kaurava–Pāṇḍava Readiness

अर्जुन उवाच कि ते व्यवसितं राजन्‌ यदस्मानपहाय वै | पद्धयामेव प्रयातो5सि प्राड्मुखो रिपुवाहिनीम्‌,अर्जुनने पूछा--राजन्‌! आपने क्या निश्चय किया है कि हमलोगोंको छोड़कर आप पूर्वाभिमुख हो पैदल ही शत्रुसेनाकी ओर चल दिये हैं?

arjuna uvāca: ki te vyavasitaṁ rājan yad asmān apahāya vai | paddhyām eva prayāto 'si prāṅmukho ripuvāhinīm ||

Arjuna said: “O King, what resolve have you formed, that—leaving us behind—you have set out on foot, facing east, toward the enemy host? What is your intention in advancing alone in this manner?”

अर्जुनःArjuna
अर्जुनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect (Paroksha-bhuta), 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
किम्what?
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
तेof you/your
ते:
Sambandha
TypePronoun
Rootत्वद्
FormGenitive, Singular
व्यवसितम्decision, resolve
व्यवसितम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootव्यवसित
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
राजन्O king
राजन्:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootराजन्
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यत्that which
यत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootयद्
FormNeuter, Nominative/Accusative, Singular
अस्मान्us
अस्मान्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
FormAccusative, Plural
अपहायhaving abandoned/left
अपहाय:
Purvakala-kriya
TypeVerb
Rootअप-हा
FormAbsolutive (Gerund), Active
वैindeed, surely
वै:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootवै
पद्ध्याम्on foot, by foot
पद्ध्याम्:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootपद्
FormFeminine, Instrumental, Singular
एवonly, just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
प्रयातःgone forth, departed
प्रयातः:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootप्र-या
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular, Past passive participle (kta)
असिyou are
असि:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootअस्
FormPresent, 2nd, Singular, Parasmaipada
प्राङ्मुखःfacing east
प्राङ्मुखः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootप्राङ्मुख
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
रिपुवाहिनीम्the enemy army
रिपुवाहिनीम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरिपुवाहिनी
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular

अर्जुन उवाच

A
Arjuna
K
King (rājan)
E
enemy army (ripu-vāhinī)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights ethical concern within warfare: a warrior does not act impulsively or in isolation without clarity of purpose. Arjuna’s question presses for accountable leadership and a reasoned resolve (vyavasita), especially when one’s action affects companions and the larger dharmic order of the battle.

Arjuna addresses a king who has unexpectedly left the group and is walking on foot toward the enemy formation, facing east. Arjuna asks what decision or intention motivates this solitary advance, implying surprise and concern about the king’s sudden movement toward danger.