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Shloka 20

अर्जुनस्तु तथेत्युक्त्वा रथमारुहय[ वीर्यवान्‌ | अधिज्यं बलवत्‌ कृत्वा गाण्डीवं व्याक्षिपद्‌ धनु:,तब “बहुत अच्छा" कहकर पराक्रमी अर्जुन रथपर आरूढ़ हो गये और गाण्डीव धनुषपर बलपूर्वक प्रत्यंचा चढ़ाकर उसे खींचने लगे

arjunas tu tathety uktvā ratham āruhayad vīryavān | adhijyaṃ balavat kṛtvā gāṇḍīvaṃ vyākṣipad dhanuḥ ||

Sañjaya said: Having replied, “So be it,” the valiant Arjuna mounted his chariot. Then, stringing the Gāṇḍīva with force, he drew the bow—signaling firm resolve to enter the battle in accordance with his warrior duty.

अर्जुनःArjuna
अर्जुनः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअर्जुन
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
तुbut/indeed
तु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतु
तथाthus/so
तथा:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootतथा
इतिthus (quotative)
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
उक्त्वाhaving said
उक्त्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage-neutral here), Singular, Third, Non-finite
रथम्chariot
रथम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootरथ
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आरुह्यhaving mounted/ascended
आरुह्य:
TypeVerb
Rootरुह्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), आ, Singular, Third, Non-finite
वीर्यवान्valiant, powerful
वीर्यवान्:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवीर्यवत्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
अधिज्यम्with the bowstring fitted/strung
अधिज्यम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootअधिज्य
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
बलवत्forcibly, powerfully
बलवत्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootबलवत्
कृत्वाhaving made/done
कृत्वा:
TypeVerb
Rootकृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Singular, Third, Non-finite
गाण्डीवम्Gāṇḍīva (Arjuna’s bow)
गाण्डीवम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootगाण्डीव
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
व्याक्षिपत्he drew back/strained (it)
व्याक्षिपत्:
TypeVerb
Rootक्षिप्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada, वि + आ
धनुःbow
धनुः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
R
ratha (chariot)
G
Gāṇḍīva (bow)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights kṣatriya-dharma in practice: once a decision aligned with duty is accepted (“tatheti”), it must be carried out with steadiness and disciplined resolve, not wavering at the moment of action.

Sañjaya narrates that Arjuna assents and immediately prepares for combat: he mounts the chariot and powerfully strings and draws the Gāṇḍīva, a concrete sign that he is ready to engage in the coming battle.