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Shloka 25

तमायान्तमभिप्रेक्ष्य कुरव: पर्यवारयन्‌ । दुःशासनं महाराज किमयं वक्ष्यतीति च,महाराज! दुःशासनको आते देख समस्त कौरव-सैनिक उसे चारों ओरसे घेरकर खड़े हो गये कि देखें, यह क्या कहता है

tam āyāntam abhiprekṣya kuravaḥ paryavārayan | duḥśāsanaṃ mahārāja kim ayaṃ vakṣyatīti ca ||

Sañjaya said: Seeing Duḥśāsana approaching, the Kurus surrounded him on all sides, O King, eager to learn what he was about to say. The scene reflects the tense moral atmosphere of the war-council, where words can inflame violence or restrain it, and where the Kauravas’ curiosity signals both anxiety and anticipation about the next course of action.

तम्him
तम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
आयान्तम्coming/approaching
आयान्तम्:
Karma
TypeVerb
Rootया (आ + या)
Formशतृ (present active participle), Masculine, Accusative, Singular
अभिप्रेक्ष्यhaving looked at/seeing
अभिप्रेक्ष्य:
TypeVerb
Rootप्रेक्ष् (अभि + प्रेक्ष्)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund)
कुरवःthe Kurus
कुरवः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकुरु
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
पर्यवारयन्surrounded/encircled
पर्यवारयन्:
TypeVerb
Rootवृ (परि + आ + वृ)
FormImperfect (लङ्), Third, Plural, Parasmaipada
दुःशासनम्Duhshasana
दुःशासनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootदुःशासन
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
महाराजO great king
महाराज:
TypeNoun
Rootमहाराज
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
किम्what
किम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
अयम्this (man)
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
वक्ष्यतिwill say
वक्ष्यति:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormSimple Future (लृट्), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
इतिthus/quoting
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
D
Duḥśāsana
K
Kuravaḥ (the Kauravas/Kurus)
M
Mahārāja (Dhṛtarāṣṭra)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights how decisive speech becomes in moments of crisis: in a war setting, a single message or counsel can steer actions toward escalation or restraint. It implicitly points to ethical responsibility in communication—what one says (and how others receive it) can shape collective conduct.

Duḥśāsana is seen approaching within the Kaurava camp. The Kauravas gather around him, surrounding him to hear what he is going to report or propose, indicating heightened suspense and concern about developments on the battlefield.