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Shloka 51

शिखण्डिनं पुरस्कृत्य धनुश्वास्य समाच्छिनत्‌ । तत्पश्चात्‌ क्रोधमें भरे हुए अर्जुन शिखण्डीको आगे रखकर पुन: भीष्मकी ही ओर बढ़े। उन्होंने भीष्मजीके धनुषको काट दिया ।। ५० ह ।। अथीैनं नवभिर्विद्ध्वा ध्वजमेकेन चिच्छिदे

sañjaya uvāca | śikhaṇḍinaṃ puraskṛtya dhanuḥ śvāsya samācchinat | athainaṃ navabhir viddhvā dhvajam ekena cicchide ||

Sañjaya said: Placing Śikhaṇḍin in front, Arjuna drew his bow and cut down Bhīṣma’s bow. Then, striking Bhīṣma with nine arrows, he severed his banner with a single shaft—pressing the attack while using Śikhaṇḍin as a shield in accordance with the grim stratagems of war.

शिखण्डिनम्Shikhaṇḍin (as object)
शिखण्डिनम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootशिखण्डिन्
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
पुरस्कृत्यhaving placed in front
पुरस्कृत्य:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootपुरस् + कृ
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Parasmaipada (usage), Non-finite
धनुःbow
धनुः:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootधनुस्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
आस्यhaving drawn (the bowstring)
आस्य:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootआस्
Formल्यप् (absolutive/gerund), Non-finite
समाच्छिनत्he cut off
समाच्छिनत्:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootसम् + आ + छिद्
FormImperfect (Laṅ), Third, Singular, Parasmaipada
तत्then/thereafter (that)
तत्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormNeuter, Accusative, Singular
पश्चात्afterwards
पश्चात्:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootपश्चात्
अथthen
अथ:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootअथ
एनम्him (Bhīṣma)
एनम्:
Karma
TypePronoun
Rootएतद् (enad-pronoun)
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
नवभिःwith nine (arrows)
नवभिः:
Karana
TypeNumeral
Rootनवन्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Plural
विद्ध्वाhaving pierced
विद्ध्वा:
Karana
TypeVerb
Rootव्यध्/विध् (to pierce)
Formक्त्वा (absolutive/gerund), Non-finite
ध्वजम्banner/standard
ध्वजम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootध्वज
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular
एकेनwith one (arrow)
एकेन:
Karana
TypeNumeral
Rootएक
FormMasculine/Neuter, Instrumental, Singular
and
:
TypeIndeclinable
Root
चिच्छिदेhe cut (it) down
चिच्छिदे:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootछिद्
FormPerfect (Liṭ), Third, Singular, Atmanepada

संजय उवाच

S
Sañjaya
A
Arjuna
Ś
Śikhaṇḍin
B
Bhīṣma
B
bow (dhanuḥ)
B
banner/standard (dhvaja)

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights the tension between dharma and battlefield necessity: even great warriors may resort to tactical arrangements (placing Śikhaṇḍin forward) to overcome an otherwise invincible opponent, showing how war pressures ethical ideals and forces hard choices within the kṣatriya code.

Sañjaya narrates Arjuna advancing toward Bhīṣma with Śikhaṇḍin positioned in front, then cutting Bhīṣma’s bow, piercing him with nine arrows, and finally severing his banner with a single arrow—signaling Bhīṣma’s weakening and the turning of the battle.