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Shloka 10

Babhruvāhana’s Lament and Appeal for Expiation (प्रायश्चित्त-याचना)

ननु त्वया नाम विभो धर्मराजस्य यज्ञिय: । अयमश्चो<्नुसर्तव्य: स शेषे कि महीतले,'प्रभो! तुम्हें तो महाराज युधिष्ठिरके यज्ञ-सम्बन्धी अश्वके पीछे-पीछे जाना है; फिर यहाँ पृथ्वीपर कैसे सो रहे हो?

Vaiśampāyana uvāca: nanu tvayā nāma vibho dharmarājasya yajñiyaḥ ayam aśvo 'nusartavyaḥ; sa śeṣe kiṃ mahītale?

Vaiśampāyana said: “Surely, O mighty one, you are meant to follow the sacrificial horse belonging to King Yudhiṣṭhira in his rite. Why then are you lying here upon the earth, remaining behind?”

ननुindeed; surely; but
ननु:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootननु
त्वयाby you
त्वया:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootत्वद्
Formmasculine, instrumental, singular
नामindeed; surely (emphatic particle)
नाम:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootनाम
विभोO mighty one; O lord
विभो:
TypeNoun
Rootविभु
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
धर्मराजस्यof Dharmaraja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
धर्मराजस्य:
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मराज
Formmasculine, genitive, singular
यज्ञियःfit for sacrifice; sacrificial
यज्ञियः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootयज्ञिय
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अयम्this
अयम्:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootइदम्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अश्वःhorse
अश्वः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootअश्व
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अनुसर्तव्यःis to be followed; must be followed
अनुसर्तव्यः:
TypeVerb
Rootअनु-√सृ (सरणे)
Formgerundive (tavya), masculine, nominative, singular, passive sense (obligation)
सःhe
सः:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
शेषेyou lie; you sleep
शेषे:
TypeVerb
Root√शी (शये)
Formpresent, 2nd, singular, ātmanepada
किम्why? what?
किम्:
TypePronoun
Rootकिम्
Formneuter, accusative, singular
महीतलेon the surface of the earth; on the ground
महीतले:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootमहीतल
Formneuter, locative, singular

वैशम्पायन उवाच

V
Vaiśampāyana
D
Dharmarāja (Yudhiṣṭhira)
A
Aśvamedha horse (sacrificial horse)
E
Earth (mahī)

Educational Q&A

The verse underscores dharma as obligation: when one has been assigned a sacred duty—here, following the Aśvamedha horse—neglect and inertia are ethically blameworthy. It highlights vigilance and responsibility in service of a righteous king and a consecrated rite.

The speaker (Vaiśampāyana) points out that the addressed person, who should be accompanying Yudhiṣṭhira’s sacrificial horse as part of the Aśvamedha proceedings, is instead found lying on the ground, and is questioned for remaining behind.