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Shloka 231

अन्तर्वन-विद्यारण्योपमा

The Allegory of the Inner Forest of Knowledge

नदीनां सड़मश्नैव वैताने समुपद्लरे । स्वात्मतृप्ता यतो यान्ति साक्षादेव पितामहम्‌

nadīnāṁ saḍam aśnaiva vaitāne samupadlāre | svātma-tṛptā yato yānti sākṣād eva pitāmaham ||

The Brāhmaṇa said: “In the sacrificial rite, they partake of the saḍa offering; and, being inwardly satisfied in their own self, they proceed from there to Pitāmaha himself—directly.”

नदीनाम्of rivers
नदीनाम्:
Adhikarana
TypeNoun
Rootनदी
FormFeminine, Genitive, Plural
सदाम्always
सदाम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसदा
अश्नैवattains (indeed)
अश्नैव:
TypeVerb
Rootअश्नु
FormPresent, 3rd, Singular, Parasmaipada
वैतानेin the sacrificial rite (Vedic/ritual context)
वैताने:
Adhikarana
TypeAdjective
Rootवैतान
FormMasculine/Neuter, Locative, Singular
समुपद्लरेappears/comes forth (reading uncertain)
समुपद्लरे:
TypeVerb
Rootसम्-उप-√दृश् (समुपदर्शयति/समुपदृश्यते) / पाठभेद-संशय
FormUnclear (corrupt/variant reading), Unclear, Unclear, Unclear
स्वात्मतृप्ताःsatisfied in their own selves
स्वात्मतृप्ताः:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootस्व-आत्म-तृप्त
FormMasculine, Nominative, Plural
यतःfrom where/whence; because
यतः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयतस्
यान्तिthey go
यान्ति:
TypeVerb
Rootया
FormPresent, 3rd, Plural, Parasmaipada
साक्षात्directly; in person
साक्षात्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootसाक्षात्
एवindeed; just
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
पितामहम्the Grandfather (Brahmā)
पितामहम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootपितामह
FormMasculine, Accusative, Singular

ब्राह्मण उवाच

ब्राह्मण (speaker)
पितामह (Brahmā)
वैतान (Vedic sacrificial rite)
सडा (saḍa offering)

Educational Q&A

The verse links correct Vedic sacrificial practice with an inner state of self-satisfaction (svātma-tṛpti), presenting the highest fruit as direct attainment of Pitāmaha (Brahmā). It implies that ritual efficacy is not merely external performance but is fulfilled when accompanied by inner completeness.

A Brāhmaṇa speaker describes the outcome of participants in a vaitāna (Vedic sacrificial) rite: after partaking of the saḍa offering, they depart from that rite and are said to reach Pitāmaha (Brahmā) directly, emphasizing the rite’s promised spiritual destination.