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Shloka 19

Vāsudeva’s Upadeśa: The Inner Enemy and the Indra–Vṛtra Precedent (आत्मशत्रु-बोधः; इन्द्र-वृत्रोपाख्यानम्)

ततो वृत्रं शरीरस्थं जघान भरतर्षभ । शतक्रतुरदृश्येन वज्ञेणेतीह न: श्रुतम्‌,भरतश्रेष्ठ! तत्पश्चात्‌ शतक्रतुने अपने शरीरके भीतर स्थित हुए वृत्रासुरको अदृश्य वज्के द्वारा मार डाला ऐसा हमने सुना है

tato vṛtraṃ śarīrasthaṃ jaghāna bharatarṣabha | śatakratur adṛśyena vajreṇetīha naḥ śrutam ||

Then, O bull among the Bharatas, Śatakratu (Indra) struck down Vṛtra who had taken up residence within his own body—so we have heard here—by means of an unseen thunderbolt. The account underscores that even when danger is internal and concealed, decisive action aligned with cosmic order is required to remove the force that obstructs life and duty.

ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
Formindeclinable (ablatival adverb)
वृत्रम्Vṛtra (the demon)
वृत्रम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootवृत्र
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
शरीरस्थम्situated in (his) body
शरीरस्थम्:
Karma
TypeAdjective
Rootशरीरस्थ
Formmasculine, accusative, singular
जघानslew, struck down
जघान:
Karta
TypeVerb
Rootहन्
Formperfect, parasmaipada, 3rd person, singular
भरतर्षभO bull among the Bharatas
भरतर्षभ:
Sambodhana
TypeNoun
Rootभरतर्षभ
Formmasculine, vocative, singular
शतक्रतुःŚatakratu (Indra)
शतक्रतुः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootशतक्रतु
Formmasculine, nominative, singular
अदृश्येनby an invisible (one)
अदृश्येन:
Karana
TypeAdjective
Rootअदृश्य
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
वज्रेणwith the thunderbolt
वज्रेण:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootवज्र
Formneuter, instrumental, singular
इतिthus
इति:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइति
Formindeclinable (quotative particle)
इहhere, in this matter
इह:
Adhikarana
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइह
Formindeclinable
नःof us, to us
नः:
TypePronoun
Rootअस्मद्
Formgenitive, plural (enclitic)
श्रुतम्has been heard
श्रुतम्:
TypeVerb
Rootश्रु
Formpast passive participle, neuter, nominative/accusative, singular (impersonal: 'it is heard')

वायुदेव उवाच

V
Vāyudeva (speaker)
V
Vṛtra
Ś
Śatakratu (Indra)
V
Vajra (thunderbolt)

Educational Q&A

The verse uses the Indra–Vṛtra episode as an exemplum: when an obstructive force hides within oneself (symbolically, inner corruption or impediment to duty), it must be confronted and removed with resolute, dharma-aligned means, even if the remedy is subtle or not outwardly visible.

Vāyudeva reports a received tradition: Indra (Śatakratu) killed Vṛtra who was lodged within Indra’s own body, using an ‘unseen’ vajra (thunderbolt). The statement is framed as hearsay/authoritative tradition (“so we have heard”).