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Shloka 15

Ruru’s Lament and the Lifespan Exchange for Pramadvarā (रुरु–प्रमद्वरा आयुर्विभागः)

धर्मराज उवाच प्रमद्धरां रुरोर्भार्या देवदूत यदीच्छसि । उत्तिष्ठत्वायुषो<र्धेन रुरोरेव समन्विता,धर्मराज बोले--देवदूत! यदि तुम रुरुकी भार्या प्रमद्वराको जिलाना चाहते हो तो वह रुरुकी ही आधी आयुसे संयुक्त होकर जीवित हो उठे

Dharmarāja uvāca: Pramaddharāṃ Ruror bhāryāṃ devadūta yadīcchasi | Uttiṣṭhatv āyuṣo 'rdhena Ruroreva samanvitā ||

Dharmarāja said: “O divine messenger, if you wish to restore Pramadvarā, the wife of Ruru, then let her rise again to life—yet only by being joined with half of Ruru’s own lifespan.”

धर्मराजःKing Dharma (Yama)
धर्मराजः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootधर्मराज
FormMasculine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, Third, Singular
प्रमद्वराम्Pramadvarā
प्रमद्वराम्:
Karma
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमद्वरा
FormFeminine, Accusative, Singular
रुरोःof Ruru
रुरोः:
TypeNoun
Rootरुरु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
भार्याwife
भार्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootभार्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
देवदूतO divine messenger
देवदूत:
TypeNoun
Rootदेवदूत
FormMasculine, Vocative, Singular
यदिif
यदि:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootयदि
इच्छसिyou wish
इच्छसि:
TypeVerb
Rootइष्
FormPresent, Second, Singular
उत्तिष्ठतुlet (her) rise / revive
उत्तिष्ठतु:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
FormImperative, Third, Singular
आयुषःof life-span
आयुषः:
TypeNoun
Rootआयुस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
अर्धेनwith half
अर्धेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्ध
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
रुरोःof Ruru
रुरोः:
TypeNoun
Rootरुरु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
एवindeed/only
एव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएव
समन्विताendowed/combined (with)
समन्विता:
TypeAdjective
Rootसम् + अन्वि + इ (क्त)
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

धर्मराज उवाच

D
Dharmarāja (Yama)
D
Devadūta
R
Ruru
P
Pramadvarā

Educational Q&A

Life restored through dharma is not granted without moral cost: compassion is balanced by justice, and the remedy requires a proportional sacrifice—here, half of Ruru’s lifespan—highlighting responsibility and the ethical weight of reversing death.

Dharmarāja addresses a divine messenger and sets the condition for reviving Pramadvarā, Ruru’s wife: she may return to life only if she is sustained by half of Ruru’s own allotted lifespan, establishing the terms of a life-exchange.