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Shloka 16

Ruru’s Lament and the Lifespan Exchange for Pramadvarā (रुरु–प्रमद्वरा आयुर्विभागः)

सौतिरुवाच एवमुक्ते ततः कन्या सोदतिष्ठत्‌ प्रमद्धरा । रुरोस्तस्यायुषो<र्धेन सुप्तेव वरवर्णिनी,उग्रश्रवाजी कहते हैं--धर्मराजके ऐसा कहते ही वह सुन्दरी मुनिकन्या प्रमद्वरा रुकी आधी आयुसे संयुक्त हो सोयी हुईकी भाँति जाग उठी

sautir uvāca—evam ukte tataḥ kanyā sodatiṣṭhat pramadharā | ruros tasyāyuṣo 'rdhena supteva varavarṇinī ||

Sauti said: When Dharmarāja had spoken thus, the maiden Pramadvarā at once rose up. As if awakening from sleep, that fair-complexioned girl returned to life, joined again with half of Ruru’s allotted lifespan—an episode that underscores the power of truthful speech and compassionate resolve to restore what has been lost.

सूतिःSauti (Ugraśravas), the narrator
सूतिः:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootसूति
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
उवाचsaid
उवाच:
TypeVerb
Rootवच्
FormPerfect, 3rd, Singular
एवम्thus
एवम्:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootएवम्
उक्तेwhen (it was) said / upon being spoken
उक्ते:
Adhikarana
TypeVerb
Rootउक्त
FormNeuter, Locative, Singular
ततःthen, thereafter
ततः:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootततः
कन्याthe maiden
कन्या:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootकन्या
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
साshe
सा:
Karta
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
उदतिष्ठत्arose, stood up
उदतिष्ठत्:
TypeVerb
Rootस्था
FormImperfect, 3rd, Singular
प्रमद्धराPramaddharā (name of the maiden)
प्रमद्धरा:
Karta
TypeNoun
Rootप्रमद्धरा
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
रुरोःof Ruru
रुरोः:
TypeNoun
Rootरुरु
FormMasculine, Genitive, Singular
तस्यof him/that (Ruru)
तस्य:
TypePronoun
Rootतद्
FormMasculine/Neuter, Genitive, Singular
आयुषःof lifespan, of life
आयुषः:
TypeNoun
Rootआयुस्
FormNeuter, Genitive, Singular
अर्धेनby half, with half
अर्धेन:
Karana
TypeNoun
Rootअर्ध
FormNeuter, Instrumental, Singular
सुप्ताasleep
सुप्ता:
TypeAdjective
Rootसुप्त
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular
इवas if, like
इव:
TypeIndeclinable
Rootइव
वरवर्णिनीthe fair-complexioned/beautiful one
वरवर्णिनी:
Karta
TypeAdjective
Rootवरवर्णिनी
FormFeminine, Nominative, Singular

धर्मराज उवाच

S
Sauti (Ugraśravas)
D
Dharmarāja
P
Pramadvarā
R
Ruru

Educational Q&A

The verse highlights dharmic power expressed through truthful, compassionate speech and self-giving: life is restored when a righteous resolution is voiced and enacted, showing that ethical intent can transform even seemingly irreversible loss.

After Dharmarāja speaks, Pramadvarā—previously lifeless—rises as if waking from sleep. She is revived by being united with half of Ruru’s lifespan, indicating that Ruru’s life-force (or allotted years) is shared so she may live.